Thermal Regulation Flashcards
*Core temperature & Ways to Measure
Temp of deep tissues of the body, remains fairly constant
Avg. Temp 98.0F and 98.6F
Measure: rectal, vaginal, bladder, oral, tympanic
*Skin Temp & Ways to measure
Rises and falls w/ temp of the surroundings
Measure: Axillary skin of forehead
*Fahrenheit to Celsius
98.6F
100.4F
104F
37C
38C
40C
Conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit
C* (9/5) + 32
example 39C to F
39*(9/5)=70.1
70.1+32= 102.2F
Heat Production is a byproduct of ____ and is determined by….?
metabolism
determined by: muscle activity thyroxine E NE increased cellular activity Metab of digestions and storage
What acts as the bodys insulation?
Skin, subcutaneous tissues, fat, in cold minimal blood flow to extremities to heat internal organs
*Types of Heat Loss
Radiation- in the form of infrared heat rays
Conduction- loss in form of kinetics, transfer of heat through physical contact
Convection- removal of heat by air currents
Evaporation- loss of heat d/t water evaporating off skin, occurs even when not sweating- INSENSIBLE LOSS (cannot be controlled)
after exercise sweating can be controlled though
*Heat loss much greater in water than air
Types of Sweat glands
eccrine- all over body, innervated by SNS
aporcine- in genitalia and armpits, stinky puberty sweat
*Role of Sweat in Regulation of Body Temp
controlled via the Sympathetic Nervous System
evaporation of sweat if skin temp > temp oof surroundings can be lost by radiation, conduction, and convection
When surrounding temp>body temp body gain heat via radiation and conduction–under these conditions the body can only rid heat via evaporation
*Role of Hypothalamus In Regulation of Temp
Thermostatic detection here
- Heat sensitive cells
- signals skin to sweat
- triggers vasodilation
- decrease heat production (inhibits shivering)
- Cold sensitive cells
- piloerection (goose bumps)
- Vasoconstriction
- Increase heat production (shivering)
*Slide 27
*Hyperthermia Presentation
Heat cramps
Heat Exhaustion
Heat Stroke
Heat Cramps
- treatment
- cause
painful, easily treated
cramping in larger muscle groups caused by replacement of water w/o adequate salt resulting in low Na+
treated w/ cooling meausres, iv fluids, and electrolyte replacement
Heat Exhaustion
- treatment
- cause
serious but no organ damage
salt or water depletion in face of heat stress
mild hyperpyrexia, nausea, vomiting, light headedness,
treated w/ cooling measures, iv normal saline and possible electrolytes
Heat Stroke
- treatment
- cause
critical organ damage, significant mortality
body temp >105F
Multisystem failure, pt confused and hostile, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased BP
treatment: cooling measures (
2 Types of Heat Stroke
Exertional- younger, physically fit w/ normal thermoregulation. dehydrated
Classic: older, exposed passively to thermal stress over hours/days
profoundly dehydrated
