Thermal physics (4)

Question 1

The kinetic theory model of solids, liquids and gases

Answer 1

assumes that particles are incompressible spheres.

Question 2

Solids

Answer 2

have a close-packed, regular particle structure – the particles vibrate about fixed points.

Question 3

Liquids

Answer 3

have a close-packed, random, irregular particle structure – the particles are free to move.

Question 4

Gases

Answer 4

have widely spaced, irregular particle structure – the particles move at high speed in random directions.

Question 5

Internal energy

Answer 5

the sum of the randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a body.

Question 6

Fluid

Answer 6

a substance that can flow – i.e. a gas or a liquid.

Question 7

Specific latent heat

Answer 7

the specific latent heat of a material is the amount of thermal energy required to change the state of 1kg of a material, without a change in temperature, at a specified ambient pressure (normally atmospheric pressure, p=1atm).

Question 8

Absolute zero

Answer 8

the temperature when all molecular motion ceases, and the pressure of a gas drops to zero. The accepted value is the zero of the Kelvin temperature scale and is defined as -273.15℃.

Question 9

Standard temperature and pressure

Answer 9

this refers to 0℃ (273.15K) and 1.01×〖10〗^5Pa (1 atm).

Question 10

Room temperature and pressure

Answer 10

this refers to 25℃ (278.15K) and 1.01×〖10〗^5Pa (1 atm).