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PSYC 101 > Therapy > Flashcards

Therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Psychotherapy?

A

the treatment of psychological problems through psychological techniques

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2
Q

How many “brands” of psychotherapy?

A

over 500

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3
Q

Are all psychotherapies equally effective?

A

yes, however all are not equally effective for certain disorders

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4
Q

Many therapists take an ___ approach that combines diverse theories and techniques

A

eclectic

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5
Q

The two basic assumptions of insight therapy are…

A
  1. being aware of one’s motivation helps change
  2. causes of maladjustments are unresolved unconscious conflicts
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6
Q

What is the aim of psychoanalysis?

A

uncovering unconscious conflicts

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7
Q

What 6 techniques are used during psychoanalysis?

A
  1. free association
  2. dream analysis
  3. interpretation
  4. resistance
  5. transference
  6. working through - cycle of interpretation, resistance and transference
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8
Q

How do neo-freudian based therapies differ from freud’s?

A

they focus on conscious aspects of client and emphasize need for love, power and status

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9
Q

What are some criticisms of psychoanalysis

A
  1. unscientific and imprecise
  2. subjective
  3. some parts are untestable
  4. sexist
  5. expensive in time and cost
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10
Q

Carl Roger’s Person/Client Centred Therapy aims to…

A

help people evaluate the world and themselves from their own perspective

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11
Q

Rogerian therapists hold that problems occur when…

A

a person is kept from developing his or her unique potential

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12
Q

What techniques are used in Carl Roger’s client-centred therapy?

A
  1. unconditional positive regard
  2. congruence
  3. empathic listening
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13
Q

Is behaviour therapy effective?

A

Yes, and inexpensive

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14
Q

What is the focus of behaviour therapy?

A

changing easy-to-see behaviour

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15
Q

What is a operant conditioning?

A

modification of behaviour through association of stimuli with punishment or reinforcement

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16
Q

What is a reinforcer in operant conditioning?

A

anything that increases probablility that an event will occur eg. praising a child for putting toys away

17
Q

What is counterconditioning?

A

conditioning to change response to stimulus

18
Q

Who developed systematic desensitization?

A

Joseph Wolpe

19
Q

Explain the steps of systematic desensitization?

A
  1. client is taught how to relax
  2. create a hierarchy of fears
  3. in relaxed state, person will face each fear from bottom of hierarchy to top, learning relaxation instead of fear as a response
20
Q

What is aversive conditioning?

A

help a person give up a habit by associating it with something negative eg. person given nausea producing drug while smoking

21
Q

Cognitive behaviour therapy changes behaviour by…

A

changing the person’s thoughts or perceptions

22
Q

Rational Emotive Therapy was formed by…

A

Albert Ellis

23
Q

What is Rational Emotive Therapy?

A

type of cognitive therapy that aims to challenge irrational thoughts, belief that rational thoughts are important

24
Q

Biologically based therapies involve…

A

medication, hospitalization and physicians

25
Q

True or False: drugs permanently cure abnormalities

A

False

26
Q

What was first use of drug in psychology?

A

Thorazine (antipsychotic drug), in 1954

27
Q

What are the two types of anti-anxiety drugs?

A

Benzodiazepines and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

28
Q

How do anti-depresseants work?

A

alter levels of brain chemicals

29
Q

3 major categories of antidepressants

A

Tricyclics
Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors
SSRIs

30
Q

Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat…

A

schizophrenia and other illnesses

31
Q

What are side effects of antipsychotic drugs?

A

tardive dyskinesia (repetitive muscle movements)
a central nervous system disorder

32
Q

What is psychosurgery

A

brain surgery

33
Q

In the 1940s and 1950s ___ was a common form of psychosurgery

A

Prefrontal lobotomy - thought to alleviate symptoms

34
Q

What was side effect of prefrontal lobotomy?

A

some people became emotionless and unaturally calm

35
Q

What is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

A

electric current briefly applied to head to produce a generalized seizure

36
Q

What is deinstitutionalization?

A

transfer of treatment of mental health problems from inpatient facilities to community based facilities

37
Q
A

PSYC 101 (6 decks)

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