Adolescent and Adult Development

Question 1

What age period is Adolescence?

Answer 1

12-20 years old

Question 2

Puberty is…

Answer 2

when the reproductive system matures

Question 3

Female enter puberty at what age?

Answer 3

between 8 and 13 years

Question 4

Males enter puberty at what age?

Answer 4

between 10-14 years old

Question 5

Secondary sex characteristics are…

Answer 5

physical features that allow us to tell males from females

Question 6

Give an example of secondary sex characteristics for females

Answer 6

breasts, pubic hair

Question 7

Give an example of secondary sex characteristics for males

Answer 7

facial hair, pubic hair, voice deepens

Question 8

Secondary sexual characteristics develop during ___

Answer 8

Puberty

Question 9

What is Menarche?

Answer 9

the first occurrence of menstruation in females

Question 10

When does menarche occur?

Answer 10

end of physical maturation

Question 11

What is spermarche?

Answer 11

first ejaculation of males

Question 12

When does spermarche occur?

Answer 12

around age 13, not tied to completion of physical maturation

Question 13

Most adolescents are in Piaget’s ___

Answer 13

formal operational stage (can think abstractly and form hypothesis)

Question 14

Name the 2 common cognitive distortions

Answer 14

Imaginary audience
Personal fable

Question 15

Explain “imaginary audience”

Answer 15

idea that everyone is looking at you

Question 16

Explain “personal fable”

Answer 16

belief that you are special and others can not understand you

Question 17

Adolescents attitudes fall somewhere between those of their __ and __

Answer 17

parents and peers

Question 18

Are early adolescents (age 12 ish) associated with lower or higher self esteem?

Answer 18

Lower

Question 19

What is ethnic identity?

Answer 19

a feeling of membership in an ethnic or cultural group

Question 20

What is gender identity?

Answer 20

person’s sense of being male or female

Question 21

What is gender intensification that occurs in adolescence?

Answer 21

becoming extreme in one’s orientation toward maleness and femaleness

Question 22

Explain the Gender Schema theory

Answer 22

children and adolescents use their sex and as organizing theme to classify and interpret perceptions
or
children develop shorthand concepts of what boys and girls are like

Question 23

Does gender schema influence adolescent self esteem?

Answer 23

Yes, gender schema makes children believe that only behaviours consistent with gender schema are acceptable

Question 24

In families where traditionally gendered behaviours are valued, how are boys affected?

Answer 24

boys mask emotions

Question 25

Teenagers are more likely to ___ suicide compared to adults although adults are more likely to __ suicide

Answer 25

attempt

commit

Question 26

Canadian adolescent males are ___ likely to die from suicide, but adolescent females are ___ likely to attempt suicide

Answer 26

more

more

Question 27

Explain the fitness changes of adults with ages

Answer 27

early 20s - peak
30-40 - loss of agility and speed
40-60 - there is even greater loss

Question 28

What activities can minimize physical decline?

Answer 28

strength training and increased activity

Question 29

At what age does overall fitness begin deteriorating?

Answer 29

age 30

Question 30

in early adulthood, do sensory abilities generally remain stable or deteriorate

Answer 30

stable, however sensory loss is inevitable for older adults

Question 31

Explain the need for adults to have more stimulation to feel that stimulation

Answer 31

in order to taste salt, they need more salt

Question 32

Explain sexual changes in adults

Answer 32

for women, menopause (menstruation stops) occurs around age 50
for men, testosterone levels decrease around age 50

Question 33

do lifestyle factors affect how long a person will live?

Answer 33

Yes

Question 34

What is the focus of physiological theories of aging?

Answer 34

rely on hereditary (genetic) and environmental factors

Question 35

What is the focus of wear and tear theories of aging?

Answer 35

body simply wears out of universe

Question 36

What is the focus of homeostatic theories of aging?

Answer 36

assumes the bodies ability to adjust to stress decreases with age