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PSYCH > Theorists: Maslow + Erikson > Flashcards

Theorists: Maslow + Erikson Flashcards

1
Q

Abraham Maslow came up with a theory of __ __

A

mental health

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2
Q

Maslow’s theory deals with __ __

A

individual functioning

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3
Q

Maslow emphasized a “ __ __ __”

A

hierarchy of needs

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4
Q

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the lower ones require __ __ those of a higher level can be achieved

A

fulfillment before

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5
Q

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the __ with hierarchy may __ from __ level to __ level based on life’s circumstances

A

position
reverse
higher
lower

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6
Q

Maslow believed that an individual’s motivations are a quest for ___-________

A

self-actualization

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7
Q

What does self-actualization describe?

A

psychologically healthy, fully human, highly evolved, fully mature

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8
Q

What is at the base of the pyramid (Maslow’s hierarchy of needs)?

A

Physiological Needs - food, water, sleep, air

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9
Q

What is directly above physiological needs in Maslow’s pyramid?

A

Safety - Home (personal security, financial security)

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10
Q

What is directly above Safety in Maslow’s pyramid?

A

Love and Belonging - activating deeper, more meaningful relationships, social needs, caring

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11
Q

What is directly above Love&Belonging in Maslow’s pyramid?

A

Esteem - you’ve acquired the skills that lead to honor and recognition; self-confidence

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12
Q

What is directly above Esteem in Maslow’s pyramid?

A

Self-Actualization - you are living for your highest potential!

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13
Q

What theory did Erik Erikson produce?

A

Theory of Pyschosocial Development?

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14
Q

How many stages are there in Erikson’s theory?

A

8 stages of the life cycle

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15
Q

Erikson believe that individuals struggle with __ __

A

individual crises

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16
Q

There are __ __ associated with each of Erikson’s stages and must be complete for __ of the crisis and for __ __ to occur

A

specific tasks
resolution
emotional growth

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17
Q

What are the 8 stages of Personality Development?

A
  1. Trust vs. Mistrust
  2. Autonomy vs. Shame + Doubt
  3. Initiative vs. Guilt
  4. Industry vs. Inferiority
  5. Identity vs. Role Confusion
  6. Intimacy vs. Isolation
  7. Generativity vs. Stagnation of self-absorption
  8. Ego integrity vs. Despair
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18
Q

Age range for Trust vs. Mistrust stage

A

birth to 18 months

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19
Q

Age range for Autonomy vs. Shame+Doubt stage

A

18 months to 3 years

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20
Q

Age range for Initiative vs. Guilt stage

A

3 to 6 years

21
Q

Age range for Industry vs. Inferiority stage

A

6 to 12 years

22
Q

Age range for Identity vs. Role Confusion stage

A

12 to 20 years

23
Q

Age range for Intimacy vs. Isolation stage

A

20 to 30 years

24
Q

Age range for Generativity vs. Stagnation of self-absorption stage

A

30 to 65 years

25
Q

Age range for Ego Integrity vs. Despair stage

A

65 years to death

26
Q

What are the tasks for Trust vs. Mistrust?

A

to develop a basic trust in the mothering figure and to generalize it to others

27
Q

What is non-achievement for Trust vs. Mistrust?

A

emotional dissatisfaction with others, suspiciousness and difficulty with interpersonal relationships

28
Q

What is the major task in Autonomy vs. Shame&Doubt? What are the other tasks involved?

A

Major task: to gain self-doubt and independence within the environment

Tasks: delay of gratification, self-confidence in one’s ability to perform

29
Q

How is Autonomy achieved in Autonomy vs. Shame&Doubt?

A

when parents encourage and provide opportunities for independent activities

30
Q

What is considered non-achievement in Autonomy vs. Shame&Doubt?

A

lack of self-confidence, lack of pride in the ability to perform, feeling of being controlled by others; primary caregivers restrict independent behaviors both physically and verbally or set the child up for unrealistic expectations

31
Q

What is the goal of Initiative vs. Guilt?

A

to develop a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate and direct one’s own activities

32
Q

What is considered achievement in Initiative vs. Guilt?

A

ability to exercise restraint and self control of inappropriate social behaviors, control of impulsive behavior; creativity is encouraged, performance is recognized and positively enforced

33
Q

What is considered non achievement in Initiative vs. Guilt?

A

feelings of inadequacy, guilt, and sense of defeat

34
Q

What is the major task for Industry vs Inferiority?

A

achieve a sense of self-confidence by learning, competing, performing successfully, and receiving recognition from significant others and peers

35
Q

What is considered achievement in Industry vs Inferiority?

A

satisfaction and pleasure in the interaction and involvement with others, mastery of reliable work habits, trustworthiness, pride in achievement

36
Q

what does industry mean?

A

activity, energy, productiveness

37
Q

HOW is industry achieved?

A

When encouragement is given to activities and responsibilities in school and community

Recognition is given for accomplishments

38
Q

What is considered non-achievement in Industry vs Inferiority?

A

difficulty in interpreting relationships b/c of feelings of personal inadequacy; inability to cooperate or compromise, problem solve, or complete tasks successfully

39
Q

What is considered achievement for identity vs. role confusion?

A

sense of confidence, emotional stability, and view of self as a unique individual

value system, career choice, and relationships with both genders, making decisions that influence their lives

parents relinquish control

40
Q

What is considered non-achievement identity vs. role confusion?

A

confusion about one’s role in life
lack of personal values
lack of self-confidence is often expressed by delinquency and rebellious behavior

41
Q

What is the major task for intimacy vs. isolation?

A

to form lasting relationship or commitment to another person, a case, an institution, or a creative effort

42
Q

What is considered achievement in intimacy vs. isolation?

A

capacity for mutual love and respect between 2 people and the ability of an individual to pledge a total commitment to another

43
Q

What is considered non-achievement in intimacy vs. isolation?

A

social isolation and aloneness
Individual is unable to form lasting, intimate relationships, often seeking intimacy through numerous superficial sexual contacts
No career established, history of occupational changes

44
Q

What is the major task of generativity vs. stagnation of self-absorption

A

achieve life’s goals established for oneself while also considering the welfare of future generations

45
Q

What is considered achievement for generativity vs. stagnation of self-absorption

A

sense of gratification from person and professional achievement and from meaningful contributions to others

individual is active in the service to others and society

46
Q

What is considered non-achievement for generativity vs. stagnation of self-absorption?

A

lack of concern for the welfare of others and the total preoccupations with the self
withdrawn, isolated, and self-indulgent

these tasks are unresolved when earlier tasks are not fulfilled

47
Q

What is the goal for ego integrity vs. despair?

A

review one’s life and derive meaning from both positive and negative events, while achieving a positive sense of self

48
Q

What is considered achievement of ego integrity vs. despair?

A

self-worth and self-acceptance

accepting that some goals were achieved and some were not

dignity from life experiences and does not fear death, rather viewing it as another stage of development

49
Q

What is considered non-achievement of ego integrity vs. despair?

A

disgust with how life has progressed; would want to start over and have a second chance, feels worthless, angry, depressed, lonely, focuses on past failures

PSYCH (9 decks)

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