Theories of rehab

Question 1

Degrees of freedom

Answer 1

number of independent dimensions of movement that must be controlled

Question 2

Motor control

Answer 2

Underlying neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of motor control

Question 3

Motor Plan

Answer 3

idea for purposeful movement made up of components of motor programs

Question 4

Motor Program

Answer 4

abstract representation that results in production of coordinated movement sequence

Question 5

Motor Learning

Answer 5

Set of internal processes associated with feedback and practice.
Leads to permanent change or capability

Question 6

Motor Recovery

Answer 6

reacquisition of movement skills lost through injury or disease

Question 7

Schema

Answer 7

set or rules, concepts or relationships formed on the basis of experience
Basis for movement decisions and stored as memory

Question 8

Schema Recall

Answer 8

relationship among past parameters and conditions and movement outcomes

Question 9

Recognition schema

Answer 9

relationship among past initial conditions, outcomes, and sensory consequence

Question 10

Task Analysis

Answer 10

Process of determining the structure of task or occupation

Question 11

Task Organization

Answer 11

how components of a task are interrelated or interdependent

Question 12

Low organization

Answer 12

components are relatively independent

Question 13

High organization

Answer 13

component are relatively interrelated/interdependent

Question 14

Systems Theory

Answer 14

Motor function is a result of a series of interacting systems that contribute to different aspects of control
Synergistic, coordination and balance all contribute to movement

Question 15

Programming Theory

Answer 15

A motor program is initiated and produces coordinated movement sequences
Can be stored and initiated without input or feedback (open loop)
Can be initiated via sensory input (closed loop)

Question 16

Open loop example

Answer 16

A baby taking a step without you asking them

Question 17

Closed loop example

Answer 17

Using sensory and environmental information to help change nervous system

Question 18

Motor Learning Theory

Answer 18

Feedback and practice influence type and degree of learning and/or changes in performance
Can be enhanced or inhibited by feedback and environment

Question 19

Motor Learning: Stages

Answer 19

Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous

Question 20

Exercise-Dependent Plasticity

Answer 20

Use it or loose it
Use it and improve it
Specificity
Repetition
Intensity

Question 21

Motor recovery types: Neurofacilitation theory

Answer 21

Reflex and hierarchical models of motor control

Focus on postural control, reflexes and motor tone

Question 22

Neurofacilitation features

Answer 22

Sensory stimuli and manual touch to alter motor tone
Promotes “normal” movement; facilitation/inhibition
Practice of normal movement patterns to avoid compensator movements

Question 23

Stages of Recovery from Stroke

Stage 1:

Answer 23

extremities are flaccid

Question 24

Stage 2:

Answer 24

Minimal volitional contr

Question 25

Stage 3:

Answer 25

Voluntary control with synergies and spasticity

Question 26

Stage 4:

Answer 26

Limited controlled motions. Spasticity may decline

Question 27

Stage 5:

Answer 27

More advanced movements possible

Question 28

Stage 6:

Answer 28

Isolated movements possible with near normal coordinati

Question 29

Motor Recovery Types: Motor Learning

Theory

Answer 29

Movement science & cognitive psychology

Question 30

Motor Recovery Types: Motor Learning

Features

Answer 30

Patient driven
Includes error detection and problem solving
Task oriented
Compensatory movements viewed as part of learning