Theories of motivation(5) Flashcards
how many theories of motivation are they?
4
Name the 4 theories of motivation
-need achievement theory
-achievement goal theory
-self determination theory
-attribution theory
what is the need achievement theory?
theory that describes whether we are motivated to succeed or to avoid failure.
what are the 2 different types of athlete in the NAT?
-‘nach’ is the need to achieve
-‘naf’ is the need to avoid failure
What factors affect whether someone is nach or naf?
-achievement behaviours
-personality factors
-situational factors
-resultant tendencies
-emotional reactions
what makes someone nach?
-seeks out challenges
-enjoys feedback from coaches
-needs a high level of competition
-performs in big moments
-enjoy taking risks
-maximising pride
what makes someone naf?
-prefers low level of competition
-enjoys winning easily
-quits in big moments
-insecure and lacks confidence
-prefers to look good
-‘ego protective strategy’
-minimising shame
NAT linking with intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
-nach athletes tend to have more intrinsic motivation as they care less about what ppl think and more abt self pride.
-naf tend to have more extrinsic motivation as they care about other ppls opinions.
NAT links with over motivation and amotivation?
over motivation- Nach
amotivation- Naf
How can a naf athlete change to become a nach athlete?
-Goal setting
-Setting a range of short term goals to bring them out their comfort zone and start to see progress( confidence booster)
-use SMART targets to be specific
What is the achievement goal theory?
-a theory that looks at 2 different types of orientation.
-task oriented and outcome(ego) oriented.
OR
self-referenced and externally referenced.
what is meant by task oriented?
-athlete sets goals to master a particular skill.
-continue to be motivated to improve mastery
-confidence grows as skills improve.
-a self referenced person measures their achievements again their previous ones.
what is meant by outcome oriented?
-sets goals based on reaching the wnd result(outcome)
-will continue to be motivated to keep ability higher than other and will grow in confidence as they achieve this
-an externally referenced person will measure their ability in comparison to the ability of other athletes
which type of orientation is best?
-Athletes need a mix of both task and ego orientation.
what type of goals will task oriented people set?
-process
-performance
what type of goals will ego oriented people set?
outcome
whats the self determination theory?
Explain how we have the need for growth and gaining fulfilment.
-we can be motivated by external factors but our drive will come from what we really want from within.
what ate the 3 things we need for self determination?
-Competence
-Autonomy
-Relatedness
Define competence
-Having the ability for the success you want, makes it easier to take actions that will help you achieve them goals(Need to gain mastery)
define autonomy
People need to feel in control of their own behaviours and goals.
Being able to take control of things that will result in change can make people feel more self determined
define relatedness
People need a sense of belonging and attachment to other people to grow self determination
whats weiners attribution theory?
a theory that focuses on the explanations and reasons that people give for their successes and failures in attempts to categorise them
whats weiners attribution theory?
a theory that focuses on the explanations and reasons that people give for their successes and failures in attempts to categorise them
what are the different categories of the attribution theory?
Ability
Task difficulty
Effort
Luck
what is the TARGET theory?
a theory that can be used to explain the factors that affect a motivational environment.
explain T in TARGET
-Task
-what tasks athletes are given to help them learn
explain A in TARGET
-Authority
-Athletes should have some authority in the decision making process.
explain the R in TARGET
-Recognition
-Practices used to motivate athletes + recognise their progress
explain G in TARGET
-Grouping
-How athletes are brought together or separated
explain E in TARGET
-Evaluation
-Monitoring performance + process
explain T(2) in TARGET
-Timing
-appropriate time demands
what is a strategy for task?
Provide athletes with a variety of tasks that are moderately challenging
what is a strategy for authority?
encourage participation of athletes being in decision-making process
what is a recognition strategy?
Recognise individual progress,effort and improvement through praise and external rewards if needed
what is a strategy for grouping?
using flexible arrangements and groups of mixed abilities
whats a strategy for evaluation?
Develop criteria based on effort and progress towards goals
whats a strategy for timing?
creating a training programme that suits the athletes development time
