Theories of G&D Flashcards
Systematic principle that provides a framework for explaining some phenomenon.
Theory
a skill or growth responsibility on a particular time in a person’s life which must be achieved.
Developmental task
theory of sigmund freud
Psychoanalytic theory
theory of erik erikson
psychosocial theory
theory of jean piaget
cognitive theory
theory of lawrence kohlberg
Theory of moral development
theory of james fowler
stages of faith
Theory: all human behavior is caused and can be explained
Psychoanalytic theory
Unconscious mind, acts impulsively
ID
Conscience mind, adaptive, balance ID and superego
EGO
Conscious mind, Inhibit ID urges, perfection
SUPEREGO
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
birth to 1 year
Oral
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
1 to 3 years
Anal
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
3 to 5/6 years
Phallic
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
5/6 to puberty
Latency
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
puberty on 13-18 years
Genitals
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
weaning, oral gratification, sucking, easting, biting
Oral
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
Toilet training
Anal
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
sexual curiosity, oedipal conflict, masturbation
Phallic
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
period of sexual calm, interest in school, hobbies, same-sex friends
Latency
what Psychoanalytic stage is:
revival of sexual interest, establishment of mature sexual relationship
Genital
child’s unconscious desire toward opposite sex
oedipus and electra complex
child thinks his punishment from the father could be castration
castration anxiety
Theory: emphasizes a healthy personality as opposed to a pathologic approach.
psychosocial theory
psychosocial theory:
based on dependability
Trust vs. mistrust
Feels free and secure in the world
trust
Fear
mistrust
trust and mistrust nursing responsibility
provide trust, provide needs and care
psychosocial theory:
ability to control their bodies, themselves and environment
Autonomy
psychosocial theory:
feels small and self-conscious
Shame and doubt
autonomy nursing responsibility
provide opportunities for making decision making, praise for ability to make decisions.
Children learns how to do things, assert control and power over environment.
Initiative
Limited brainstorming, wait for clues and guidance.
Guilt
initiative nursing responsibility
provide opportunities for exploring new places or activities
Children are ready to be workers and producers
Industry
Feeling of inadequacy
Inferiority
Industry vs. inferiority nursing responsibility
Provide opportunities
Self-concept
Identity
Adolescents cannot adapt
Confusion
Ability to relate well to other people
Intimacy
Difficulty accepting a pregnancy/ love newborn
Isolation
Older adult feel good about life choices they made
Integrity
Wishes life could begin again
despair
Self-confident and better able to juggle their various lives.
Generativity
Those who devoted themselves to one role, lack of ability to cope with change
Stagnation
Age for:
1.Trust vs. Mistrust
2.Autonomy vs. Shame & doubt
3.Initiative vs. Guilt
4.Industry vs. Inferiority
5.Identity vs. confusion
6.Intimacy vs. isolation
7. Generativity vs. stagnation
8. Ego integrity vs. despair
1.Trust vs. Mistrust (0-2)
2.Autonomy vs. Shame & doubt (2-3)
3.Initiative vs. Guilt (4-5)
4.Industry vs. Inferiority (6-11)
5.Identity vs. confusion (adolescents)
6.Intimacy vs. isolation (21-39)
7. Generativity vs. stagnation (40-65)
8. Ego integrity vs. despair (65 and above)
cognitive stage at birth to 2
Sensorimotor
cognitive stage 2 to 7 yrs
Preoperational
cognitive stage 7 to 11 yrs
concrete-operational
cognitive stage 11 through adulthood
formal-operational
First stage, involves of reflexes
Sensorimotor
cognitive stage: using of symbols, gestures
Preoperational
cognitive stage: use logical reasoning
concrete-operational
cognitive stage: reasoning is more abstract
formal-operational
Sensorimotor stage: birth to 1 month
Neonatal reflex
Sensorimotor stage: sucking (1-4 months)
Primary circular reaction
Sensorimotor stage: knows what action he can cause in his environment (4-8 months)
Secondary circular reaction
Sensorimotor stage: increased sense of separateness, object permanence (8-12 months)
coordination of Secondary circular
Sensorimotor stage: uses trial and error (12-18months)
Tertiary circular reaction
Cognitive development : Thinking is concrete and literal, child is egocentric
Pre operational
Cognitive development : systematic reasoning
concrete operational thought
Cognitive development :Solve hypothetical problems, thinking is mature and concrete, abstract thinking
formal operational
Cognitive development : understand causality, can think of possibilities
formal operational
Theory of right and wrong
Moral development
Moral development stage : i do it so i don’t get in trouble
Stage 1
Moral development stage: i do it so i get something out of it
Stage 2
Moral development stage: i do it so you like me
Stage 3
Moral development stage: i do it because it is a law
Stage 4
Moral development stage: i do it because of social contract
Stage 5
Moral development stage: i do it because it is right thing to do
Stage 6
Moral development stage: when they do certain action parents give approval and affection
pre-religious state
Moral development stage: punishment-obedience (heteronymous morality)
Pre-conventional stage (2-3)
Moral development stage: Individualism, egocentrism
Pre-conventional stage (4-7)
Moral development stage: Nice boy, nice girl concept
Conventional (7-10)
Moral development stage: follows rule
Conventional (10-12)
Moral development stage: social contract, utilitarian perspective
Post-conventional (older that 12)
Moral development stage: universal ethical principle orientation
Post-conventional (older that 12)
Faith development: stage 0 - undifferentiated
no concept of right and wrong
period of infancy
Faith development: stage 1 - intuitive-projective
children follow the belief of their parent.
Imagine angels
Faith development: stage 2- Mythical literal
respond to religious stories literally
Faith development: stage 3- synthetic
convention
conformist acceptance of belief, most people remain at this level
Faith development: stage 4 - individuating-reflexive
development of their own spiritual belief
Faith development: stage 5 - conjuctive
acceptance of other’s pov, consider serving others
Faith development: stage 6 - universalizing
Rare, search for universal love and justice
Faith development: stage 6 - universalizing people
Mother teresa and mahatma gandhi