Theories of Aging Flashcards

1
Q

Wear and Tear Theory

A

Cell errors are result of wearing out over time.

E.g. shoulder joint in a basketball player

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2
Q

Cross-Linkage Theory

A

The Accumulation of errors by cross-linking (stiffening of proteins)
E.g. skin becomes more dry and inelastic with age

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3
Q

Free Radical Theory

A

MOST UNDERSTOOD
Free radicals are natural cellular by-products. Increase with pollutants. Damage eventually exceeds ability for cell to repair.

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4
Q

Neuro-endocrine/immunological

A

Aging is a result of changes in neuroendocrine and immune sys. Programmed immune cell death and increase of cellular radicals.

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5
Q

Disengagement theory

A

Old age is considered a time when person and society separate

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6
Q

Activity Theory

A

Maintaining active will result in successful aging.

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7
Q

Continuity Theory

A

People use continuity strategies to adapt to aging.

E.g. and older person who enjoys decorating is more likely to take up activity in same domain.

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8
Q

Social Exchange Theory

A

Cost-benefit model of social participation. Proves value of social exchange between generations.

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9
Q

Age-Stratification Theory

A

Older people are understood as belonging to specific birth cohorts
E.g baby boomers

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10
Q

Modernization Theory

A

Social changes have resulted in devaluation of the contributions of older people.

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11
Q

Symbolic interaction Theory

A

Aging process is a process a person experience is a result of social interactions. (physical, environment etc)

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12
Q

Jung Theories of Personality

A

Last half of life is time of inner discovery. Suggests movement form extraversion to introversion.

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13
Q

Theory of Gerotranscendence

A

Human age brings about potential for gerotrancendance, shift from material to cosmic world.

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14
Q

Erikson

A

Order of development and specific tasks associated with specific periods in the course of one’s life.

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15
Q

Havinghurst

A

Specific tasks must be accomplished in middle age to later maturity

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16
Q

Peck

A

specific tasks must be addressed to establish ego integrity.

17
Q

Error/Stochastic Theories

A
  • Accumulation of Errors
  • Occurs with each replication
  • Cross-link, wear and tear, oxidative
18
Q

Programmed/nonstochastic Theories

A
  • Predetermined age

Natural life expectancy

19
Q

Chronological aging

A

Number of years lived

20
Q

Biological aging

A

By person’s physical condition and by how well systems are functioning.

21
Q

Psychological age

A

Ability to control memory, learning capacity, skills, emotions, judgement

22
Q

Social age

A

Age-graded behaviours that conform to social norms

23
Q

Structural Lag

A

Social structures are out of synch with population dynamics and individual lives

24
Q

Stages of Greif

A

Affective - Distress, anxiety
Cognitive - Thoughts, concentration prob, hopeless
Behavioural - Tenseness, fatigue, weeping
Physio/somatic - Sleep disturb, energy loss

25
Q

Adjustment to widowhood

A

Reactionary
Recuperation
Exploration
Integration