theories and concepts

Question 1

Info about the Americans with Disabilities Act

Answer 1

• made in 1990
• goes beyond agencies that receive federal funds
• establishes a clear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination on the basis of disability
• can’t charge extra for accommodations
• need to give qualified individuals with disabilities equal opportunity
• require accessibility and accommodations in public settings

Question 2

The Rehabilitation Act, Section 504

Answer 2

• made in 1973
• first civil-rights statute for persons with disabilities
• broad anti-discrimination
• provides specifications for accessibility requirements

Question 3

Education for all handicapped children act

Answer 3

• made in 1975
• free and appropriate public education in a a least restrictive environment
• require IEP
• Education can include recreation

Question 4

Architectural barriers act

Answer 4

• made in 1968

- any building built with federal funds bust be accessible for the the physically handicapped

Question 5

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act IDEA

Answer 5

Recently updated in 2004

• United states federal law that governs how states and public agencies provide early intervention, special education and related services.
• address the educational needs of children with disabilities from 0 to 18 or 21
• students must be provided a free appropriate public education that prepares them for further education, employment and independent living, IEP, and least restrictive environment

Question 6

Older American act

Answer 6

made in 1965

• develop new or improved programs to help older persons through government funds
• improved access services
• first federal initiative aimed at providing comprehensive services for older adults

Question 7

1996 welfare reform

Answer 7

• transferred welfare programs from federal to states
• no money provided for job training, job development, or childcare
• 13 million people affected
• can only be on welfare for 5 years

Question 8

Omnibus Budget reconciliation act

Answer 8

• 1987

- requires clients in a nursing home to be engaged in programs

Question 9

Psycho-analytic theory

Answer 9

engaging in play to reduce anxiety

Question 10

Catharsis theory

Answer 10

use of play to release repressed thoughts, feelings, and emotions

an outlet for aggression

Question 11

diversion theory

Answer 11

to amuse themselves

Question 12

compensation theory

Answer 12

to play/recreate to fulfill needs not met at work

Question 13

Surplus energy

Answer 13

to get rid of excess energy

Question 14

perspective play therapy

Answer 14

used to treat specific symptoms or behavior problems

Question 15

filial play therapy

Answer 15

child-centered, includes training parents and then observing and providing feedback

Question 16

Theraplay

Answer 16

aim to improve attachment-increase child’s trust and self-esteem

Question 17

cognitive behavioral paly therapy

Answer 17

make behavioral changes by learning new strategies and receiving support

Question 18

Play in a hospitalized child’s life

Answer 18

Play is the primary means through which the child communicates, copes with stress, learns about the environment and masters new situations

• provides normalcy
• emotional adjustment and support
• socialization
• independence
• creative expression
• learning and mastery
• diversion

Question 19

Expanders

Answer 19

altered their leisure patterns by the addition of new activities throughout the life course

Question 20

contractors

Answer 20

learned and became committed to most of their outdoor recreation activities before 21

Question 21

activity theory

Answer 21

asserts that people will be happiest and most fulfilled in direct proportion to how much activity they are able to maintain

Question 22

disengagement throy

Answer 22

as the end of life draws near, people will voluntarily disengage from others and from their former activity pattern and society’s withdrawal from them will in turn leave them in peace and happiness

Question 23

continuity theory

Answer 23

those activities and relationships that have been cultivated and maintained over a long period in peoples lives are most likely to contribute to well-being and a sense of integrity

Question 24

steps to inclusion

Answer 24

1- address individual needs
2- identify source of funds
3- identify support staff-close to same age
4- provide training

Question 25

Leisure ability model

Answer 25

• client oriented approach to TR

- maximum control by specialist –> minimum control by specialist

Question 26

What are the four steps of the Leisure ability model

Answer 26

1- assessment
2- functional intervention/treatment
3- leisure education
4- recreation participation

Question 27

Health improvement/Promotion Model

Answer 27

the purpose of TR is to enable the client to recover following a threat to health and to achieve optimal health

• Stability tendency lessens as a client gains optimal health and moves towards actualization
• based on humanistic approach