Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Name the components of the promotion mix

A

PR
SALES volume
Advertising
Discounts

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2
Q

High power high interest

A

Manage closely - shareholders , senior managers

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3
Q

High power low interest

A

Meet needs - government

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4
Q

Low influence low interest

A

Regular minimal contact- local community

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5
Q

High interest low power

A

Keep informed- Regular customers

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6
Q

Name the 5 components of Blake moutons grid

A

Impoverished management
Country club management
Middle of the road management
Authority complaince management
Team management

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7
Q

Low cost Broad target

A

Cost leadership-lowest costs

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8
Q

Low cost narrow target

A

Cost focus- focusing on costs but not the lowest

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9
Q

Differentiation , narrow target

A

Differentiation focus in a niche market

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10
Q

Differentiation broad target

A

Differentiation- Ferrari cars

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11
Q

Existing product , existing markets

A

Market penetration- increasing market share

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12
Q

New product existing market

A

Product development- Amazon launching bookstore online

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13
Q

New market existing product

A

Market development-Tesco launching into America

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14
Q

New product new market

A

Diversification - Nissan gtr

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15
Q

Elkintons triple bottom line

A

People , profit , environment

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16
Q

Kaplan and Norton- measuring business focususes

A

Financial
Customers
Business procedure
Learning and growth

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17
Q

Elkingtons triple bottom line

A

People place profit

Measuring business performance

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18
Q

Kottler and schislinger reasons for resistance

A

Self interest
Different assessment of situation
Misinformed
Low tolerance for change

19
Q

Kottler and scheslinger ways to overcome change

A

Education and communication
Participation and involvement
Facilitation and support
Explicit and implicit cohertion
Negotiation and bargaining

20
Q

Maslow heirachy of needs

A

Physiological factors
Safety and security
Love and belonging
Self esteem
Self actualisation

21
Q

Types of sampling

A

Random
Stratified- pick people within demographic
Systematic- every 5 people

22
Q

Name the features of lewins change model

A

Unfreezing
Moving
Refreezing

23
Q

What is unfreezing (lewins model)

A

Reducing strength of the forces which maintain equilibrium

24
Q

Moving (lewins model)

A

Developing new organisational values

25
Refreezing (lewins model)
Stabilising after the changes have been made so that there is new equilibrium
26
What does Grieners model show
The six phases and crisis that a business may experience as they grow
27
Greiners crisis in order
Crisis of leadership Crisis of autonomy Crisis of red Tape Crisis of growth
28
What is the purpose of bowman’s strategic clock
Help businesses to analyse their competitve position in the market and identify potential strategic options
29
Bowman’s clock features in order 1-8
Low price and value- cheap cola Low price- primark Hybrid -ikea Differentiation - Starbucks Focused differentiation - Dior Risky high margins - high end watch Monopoly pricing - Apple Loss of market share- poor accountant
30
Centralisation
When only executives at an organisation manage decision making responsibilities
31
Decentralisation
When decisions are delegated from the top of the business to middle and lower level managers
32
Herzberg two factors
Motivating factors - responsibility, work itself Hygiene factors - salary, working conditions
33
What is competitve advantage
Advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers greater value Through: Lower pricing Greater quality Brand image
34
Types of growth
Internal External intergration Horizontal intergration Vertical Takeover Mergers Franchise Congolomerate intergration
35
Horizontal intergration
When a business intergrates with another business at same stage of production process
36
Role of mangers
Setting objectives Analysing Making decisions Leading Reviewing
37
Carroll’s cooperate responsibility pyramid
Ranks key responsibilities of an organisation in order of importance From most to least: Economic- profits Legal- remain within laws Ethical Philanthropic responsibility- model coorperate citizen
38
Bartlett and ghosals
Measures the two competing forces when selecting the strategy to go international Pressures for local responsiveness- pressures to integrate product with local cultures Pressures for global integration-pressure to reduce costs
39
Global strategy (Bartlett and ghosals)
Low pressure for local responsiveness High global integration pressure Huge centralised factories to produce on a global scale
40
International strategy (Bartlett and ghosals)
Low pressure for both Centralised branding with localised approach
41
Multi domestic strategy (Bartlett and ghosals)
High pressure to be locally responsive Low pressure to be global inter grated In essence each countries brand is ran on its own
42
Transnational strategy ( Bartlett and ghosals)
Goal to harness both size and specialisation Different branches in each country specialised but work independently to ensure demand can be satisfied
43
Porters 5 forces
Nature of competition Threat of new entrants - barriers to entry Supplier power - resource is scarce , few alternatives Buyer power - homogenous products , easy to shop around Threat of substitutes - a lot of choices , going on a night out Rivalry - market size , brand loyalty