Theology IV Midterm Vocab Flashcards
Original Holiness
The state of harmony and grace that existed between humanity and God before the Fall. It refers to the original sanctity and closeness with God that humans were created to enjoy.
Scripture
Any sacred writing for the Catholic Church, also known as the Old Law and New Law (written revelation)
Covenant
A promise in which mutual commitments are agreed upon and carried out.
Old Law
Divine law of the Old Testament, revealed through the 10 commandments, also known as Mosaic Law
Tradition
The process in which the Gospel message is spread is by oral communication and eventually written down.
New Law
Divine law revealed in the New testament from Jesus and the witness and teaching of his disciples
Paschal Mystery
The life, death, passion, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ. It’s central to Christian belief.
Original Sin
When Adam and Eve betrayed God, lost their original holiness, and became subject to death. (The act that brought the fall).
Common Good
A good collectively shared by a group of people. It is mutually beneficial for all members of their community.
Divine Revelation
God’s communication in which he shows his divine plan. It’s a gift accomplished by the Trinity through the words and deeds of salvation history. (All of scripture).
Social Justice
Defense for human dignity in which essential human rights and needs are met for all.
Salvation History
A pattern of specific events in which God reveals his plan of salvation for humanity.
Grace
The free, undeserved gift from God to humans which empowers us to respond to his call.
Trinity
The communion of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit which exist as three persons. Stems from the Latin word ‘Trinus’.
Corporal Works of Mercy
Found in the teachings of Jesus: they give us a model of how to treat others. Feed the hungry, give drink to the thirsty, clothe the naked, shelter the homeless, visit the imprisoned, bury the dead.
Human Dignity
Each of us are made in the image and likeness of God. Therefore, our will and actions are willed by God.
Social Doctrine
Condemns weapons of mass destruction, teaches social justice, peace isn’t just the absence of war, finding and protecting human dignity, promoting common good. Vatican Council II in 1965.
Subsidiarity
Small matters should be handled by a community, instead of getting large governments or organizations involved.
Populorum Progressio
Anti war, peace and just social order, list of human rights. Pope John XXIII 1963.
Gaudium et Spes
The true social solution to any problem is loving justice. Pope Benedict XVI in 2009.
The Fall
When Adam and Eve did not trust in God and disobeyed his rules trying to become independent of God. (The consequences of Original Sin).
Solidarity
The idea of God being present in others, therefore we are the keepers of others.
Social Encyclical
Focuses on human progress as a key to peace, condition of poor and relation to morality of wealthy, private property, criticism of capitalism. Pope Paul VI in 1967.
Laborem Exercens
Human dignity in the workplace, work is good; protect and promote work, advocating for worker’s rights. John Paul II in 1991.
Quadragesimo Anno
Emphasizes division between rich and poor, also on capitalism vs socialism. Pope Pius XI in 1931.
Centesimus Annus
Opposes communism (treats people like objects), criticizes capitalism for doing the same thing. John Paul II in 1991.
Mater et Magistra
Respect for women workers, wealth gap between nations, spending too much money on weapons. Pope John XXIII in 1961.
Caritas in Veritate
Promoting justice & the common good. Evangelization is the mission of the Church. Written by Pope Paul VI in 1975.
Pacem in Terris
The development needed to make something a complete whole, taking into account the development of the whole person, body and soul.
Stewardship
The dignity to care for and cultivate something responsibly. God gave humans the responsibility of caring for his creation to humans.
Social Sin
The expression and effect of personal sins that lead their victims to do evil.
Reparation
Making amends for a wrong done for an offense, usually a sin, which is an offense against God.
Consistent Pro-Life Ethic
Every sin committed against the justice due in relations between individuals, community, and both together.
Restitution
Reparation for an injury: restoring so the person injured has what they had lost.
Discernment
The process by which we discover God’s will for us.
Calumny
Injuring another person’s good name by lying.
Work of Mercy/Charity
Charitable actions by which we come to the aid of our neighbor in his spiritual and bodily necessities.
Detraction
Unjustly damaging another’s good name by the revelation of something true, but harmful.
Commutative Justice
The fairness and justice in contracts and agreements. Includes economic justices (wages, insurance, rights, etc).
Work of Justice
The virtue that enables us to assume our responsibilities and to give others their due.
Civil Disobedience
Our responsibility to resist and oppose unjust laws.
Distributive Justice
Just distribution of resources according to one’s need: NOT the same as communism or capitalism.
Spiritual Good
Spiritual facility-knowledge, given to us by the Holy Spirit.
Structures of Sin
Structures that enable sin and failure to treat humans with dignity
St. Thomas More
His work as a lawyer and politician became so famous he got assigned to be Lord Chancellor of England (2nd most powerful man behind the king).
St. Teresa of Calcutta
Called to serve the poorest of the poor and founded Missionaries of Charity.
Blessed Anne Marie Javouhey
Founded a lay order for women and dedicated her life to helping others.
Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati
Known for his service to the poor and his famous act of giving away his coat in freezing weather.
St. Peter Claver
Came from Spain to Cartagena with a mission to help the enslaved under the Spanish empire.
St. Roque González
Gave freedom to the oppressed and baptized slaves.
St. Frances of Rome
Used her wealth to help the poor and was very active in charitable works.
Dorothy Day
$5/week to advocate for workers rights; had an affair which led to an abortion which she regretted; she later had a child with her husband, and converted to Catholicism.
St. John Paul II
Born in 1920 in Wadowice, Poland; formerly Karl Joseph Wajtyla; lost his whole family to death and disease; found a home with both Catholic and Jewish communities in his hometown; interested in outdoor activities, art, and music; became a priest in Noze, Poland, and became pope at 58; founded the ‘Solidarity Movement’: uphold the value and dignity of human work; be not afraid of God’s call.
St. Benedict of Nursia
Born in 400AD in Nursia, Italy; sent to Rome for a liberal arts education; fled to Subiaco after being horrified by the sins in Rome, became a hermit; ‘Ora et Labora’ —> ‘work and prayer’; after 3 years of prayer and isolation, Benedict began leading monks; eventually wrote a guide called ‘The Rule’, which focused on the balance of prayer and work as the two main guides to achieve holiness
