Theology IV Midterm Vocab

Question 1

Original Holiness

Answer 1

The state of harmony and grace that existed between humanity and God before the Fall. It refers to the original sanctity and closeness with God that humans were created to enjoy.

Question 2

Scripture

Answer 2

Any sacred writing for the Catholic Church, also known as the Old Law and New Law (written revelation)

Question 3

Covenant

Answer 3

A promise in which mutual commitments are agreed upon and carried out.

Question 4

Old Law

Answer 4

Divine law of the Old Testament, revealed through the 10 commandments, also known as Mosaic Law

Question 5

Tradition

Answer 5

The process in which the Gospel message is spread is by oral communication and eventually written down.

Question 6

New Law

Answer 6

Divine law revealed in the New testament from Jesus and the witness and teaching of his disciples

Question 7

Paschal Mystery

Answer 7

The life, death, passion, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ. It’s central to Christian belief.

Question 8

Original Sin

Answer 8

When Adam and Eve betrayed God, lost their original holiness, and became subject to death. (The act that brought the fall).

Question 9

Common Good

Answer 9

A good collectively shared by a group of people. It is mutually beneficial for all members of their community.

Question 10

Divine Revelation

Answer 10

God’s communication in which he shows his divine plan. It’s a gift accomplished by the Trinity through the words and deeds of salvation history. (All of scripture).

Question 11

Social Justice

Answer 11

Defense for human dignity in which essential human rights and needs are met for all.

Question 12

Salvation History

Answer 12

A pattern of specific events in which God reveals his plan of salvation for humanity.

Question 13

Grace

Answer 13

The free, undeserved gift from God to humans which empowers us to respond to his call.

Question 14

Trinity

Answer 14

The communion of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit which exist as three persons. Stems from the Latin word ‘Trinus’.

Question 15

Corporal Works of Mercy

Answer 15

Found in the teachings of Jesus: they give us a model of how to treat others. Feed the hungry, give drink to the thirsty, clothe the naked, shelter the homeless, visit the imprisoned, bury the dead.

Question 16

Human Dignity

Answer 16

Each of us are made in the image and likeness of God. Therefore, our will and actions are willed by God.

Question 17

Social Doctrine

Answer 17

Condemns weapons of mass destruction, teaches social justice, peace isn’t just the absence of war, finding and protecting human dignity, promoting common good. Vatican Council II in 1965.

Question 18

Subsidiarity

Answer 18

Small matters should be handled by a community, instead of getting large governments or organizations involved.

Question 19

Populorum Progressio

Answer 19

Anti war, peace and just social order, list of human rights. Pope John XXIII 1963.

Question 20

Gaudium et Spes

Answer 20

The true social solution to any problem is loving justice. Pope Benedict XVI in 2009.

Question 21

The Fall

Answer 21

When Adam and Eve did not trust in God and disobeyed his rules trying to become independent of God. (The consequences of Original Sin).

Question 22

Solidarity

Answer 22

The idea of God being present in others, therefore we are the keepers of others.

Question 23

Social Encyclical

Answer 23

Focuses on human progress as a key to peace, condition of poor and relation to morality of wealthy, private property, criticism of capitalism. Pope Paul VI in 1967.

Question 24

Laborem Exercens

Answer 24

Human dignity in the workplace, work is good; protect and promote work, advocating for worker’s rights. John Paul II in 1991.

Question 25

Quadragesimo Anno

Answer 25

Emphasizes division between rich and poor, also on capitalism vs socialism. Pope Pius XI in 1931.

Question 26

Centesimus Annus

Answer 26

Opposes communism (treats people like objects), criticizes capitalism for doing the same thing. John Paul II in 1991.

Question 27

Mater et Magistra

Answer 27

Respect for women workers, wealth gap between nations, spending too much money on weapons. Pope John XXIII in 1961.

Question 28

Caritas in Veritate

Answer 28

Promoting justice & the common good. Evangelization is the mission of the Church. Written by Pope Paul VI in 1975.

Question 29

Pacem in Terris

Answer 29

The development needed to make something a complete whole, taking into account the development of the whole person, body and soul.

Question 30

Stewardship

Answer 30

The dignity to care for and cultivate something responsibly. God gave humans the responsibility of caring for his creation to humans.

Question 31

Social Sin

Answer 31

The expression and effect of personal sins that lead their victims to do evil.

Question 32

Reparation

Answer 32

Making amends for a wrong done for an offense, usually a sin, which is an offense against God.

Question 33

Consistent Pro-Life Ethic

Answer 33

Every sin committed against the justice due in relations between individuals, community, and both together.

Question 33

Restitution

Answer 33

Reparation for an injury: restoring so the person injured has what they had lost.

Question 34

Discernment

Answer 34

The process by which we discover God's will for us.

Question 35

Calumny

Answer 35

Injuring another person's good name by lying.

Question 36

Work of Mercy/Charity

Answer 36

Charitable actions by which we come to the aid of our neighbor in his spiritual and bodily necessities.

Question 37

Detraction

Answer 37

Unjustly damaging another's good name by the revelation of something true, but harmful.

Question 38

Commutative Justice

Answer 38

The fairness and justice in contracts and agreements. Includes economic justices (wages, insurance, rights, etc).

Question 39

Work of Justice

Answer 39

The virtue that enables us to assume our responsibilities and to give others their due.

Question 40

Civil Disobedience

Answer 40

Our responsibility to resist and oppose unjust laws.

Question 41

Distributive Justice

Answer 41

Just distribution of resources according to one's need: NOT the same as communism or capitalism.

Question 42

Spiritual Good

Answer 42

Spiritual facility-knowledge, given to us by the Holy Spirit.

Question 43

Structures of Sin

Answer 43

Structures that enable sin and failure to treat humans with dignity

Question 44

St. Thomas More

Answer 44

His work as a lawyer and politician became so famous he got assigned to be Lord Chancellor of England (2nd most powerful man behind the king).

Question 45

St. Teresa of Calcutta

Answer 45

Called to serve the poorest of the poor and founded Missionaries of Charity.

Question 46

Blessed Anne Marie Javouhey

Answer 46

Founded a lay order for women and dedicated her life to helping others.

Question 47

Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati

Answer 47

Known for his service to the poor and his famous act of giving away his coat in freezing weather.

Question 48

St. Peter Claver

Answer 48

Came from Spain to Cartagena with a mission to help the enslaved under the Spanish empire.

Question 49

St. Roque González

Answer 49

Gave freedom to the oppressed and baptized slaves.

Question 50

St. Frances of Rome

Answer 50

Used her wealth to help the poor and was very active in charitable works.

Question 51

Dorothy Day

Answer 51

$5/week to advocate for workers rights; had an affair which led to an abortion which she regretted; she later had a child with her husband, and converted to Catholicism.

Question 52

St. John Paul II

Answer 52

Born in 1920 in Wadowice, Poland; formerly Karl Joseph Wajtyla; lost his whole family to death and disease; found a home with both Catholic and Jewish communities in his hometown; interested in outdoor activities, art, and music; became a priest in Noze, Poland, and became pope at 58; founded the 'Solidarity Movement': uphold the value and dignity of human work; be not afraid of God's call.

Question 53

St. Benedict of Nursia

Answer 53

Born in 400AD in Nursia, Italy; sent to Rome for a liberal arts education; fled to Subiaco after being horrified by the sins in Rome, became a hermit; 'Ora et Labora' —> 'work and prayer'; after 3 years of prayer and isolation, Benedict began leading monks; eventually wrote a guide called 'The Rule', which focused on the balance of prayer and work as the two main guides to achieve holiness