Honors Physics Midterm Flashcards
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Acceleration
The rate of change of velocity over time
Velocity
Speed with direction of an object
Average Velocity
Total displacement divided by total time
Instantaneous velocity
Velocity at a specific moment in time
Constant velocity
Velocity that does not change over time
Deceleration
Negative acceleration; slowing down of an object
How many seconds in an hour?
3600 seconds
Newton’s First Law
An object remains at rest or in motion unless acted upon; inertia
Newton’s Second Law
Force = Mass x Acceleration
Newton’s Third Law
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Terminal velocity
Maximum velocity an object reaches during free fall
Acceleration due to gravity (and g)
9.8 m/s^2
Law of Universal Gravitation
Every mass attracts every other mass
Gravitational force and mass
Increasing mass increases gravitational force
Types of Levers
First, second, and third-class
Fulcrum
Pivotal point which a lever rotates around
Simple machines
Lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, wedge
First class lever
Fulcrum in the middle, effort pushes down while load goes up.
Second class lever
Fulcrum is on the far right, load is in the middle, and effort is on the far left pushing up.
Third class lever
Fulcrum is on the far right, effort pushes up from the middle, load pushes down from the far right.
How do you find IMA looking at a pulley?
Count the number of supporting rope sections
How do you find the AMA looking at a pulley?
Count the number of sections going up
How many pounds in a kilogram?
2.2
Acronym for Metric Conversions
KHDUDCM
Relationship between mass and gravitational pull
The heavier the object, the more gravity
to find initial velocity of a thrown ball
v = square root of 2gd
If the period of a pendulum is doubled, the length of the pendulum should be increased by how much?
quadrupled
At what point of a ball being thrown up does it experience 0 gravity and nonzero acceleration?
The highest point
