theme 7 Flashcards
what type of pathogens are candida
opportunistic
6 types of oral candidiasis
- erythematous candidiasis
- pseudomembranous candidosis
- hyperplastic candidosis
- denture induced stomatitis
- median rhomboid glossitis
- angular chelitis
clinical features of erythematous candidiasis
red tongue due to diffuse loss of filiform papillae
deficiencies causing erythematous candidiasis
low serum, vit b12, folate, iron
main cause of erythematous candidiasis
post-abx use
what sensation may erythematous candidiasis cause
burning
most common type of candidiasis in immunosuppressed patients
pseudomembranous candidosis
what is hyper plastic candidosis
white plaque infiltrated with candida hyphae
possible dysplasia + malignancy
seen in heavy smokers
3 classifications of denture induced stomatitis
- localised erythema or pinpointed hyperaemia
- generalised erythema of most/all denture bearing area
- central part of palate - palatal papillary hyperplasia
what is denture induced stomatitis associated with
angular chelitis
pathogens associated with angular cheliitis
Candida albicans, staphylococcus aureus +/- streptococci
4 predisposing factors to angular chelitis
- decreased vertical dimension
- iron deficiency
- hypo-vitaminoses - B
- malabsorption states - crohns
what herpes virus is associated with oral
HSV1
what herpes virus is associated with genital
HSV2
where dos HSV1 remain latent
trigeminal ganglion
2 age related peaks of primary herpetic gingivostomatits
- childhood - 6month-5yrs
2. early twenties
3 manifestations of HSV1 orally
- primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
- cold sores
- recurrent intraoral herpetic infection
clinical features of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
gingivitis
diffuse purple boggy steeling of free + sometime attached gingivae
anterior>posterior
stomatitis - 1-2mm blisters
accompanied by fever, malaise, loss of appetite, hyperslivation
clinical features of recurrent herpetic infection
usually on keratinised surfaces
small crop of ulcers, mildly painful
tend to coalasce
<10days
which herpes virus causes chickenpox/shingles
HSV-3
varicella zoster
where are chickenpox mouth ulcers not found
not on gingiva - distinguishable from HSV1
herpes virus associated with EBV infection
HSV4
20-40 day incubation
oral manifestations of EBV
soft palate petechiae
whitish exudate on oedemaotosus tonsils
definite diagnosis of hairy leukoplakia
detection of EBV in epithelial cells with in sity-hybridisation
herpes virus associated with cytomegalovirus
HSV5
clinical oral manifestations of CMV/HSV5
ulcers indistinguishable from aphthae
herpes virus associated with kaposis sarcoma
HSV8
oral manifestations of kaposis sarcoma
early - red/purple/brown spots
long standing - bluish, nodular, ulcerate
palate + gingivae
oral manifestation of HPV
HPV 13 + 32
focal epithelial hyperplasia - multiple flat/soft/elevated papules
red or white
spontaneous resolution
what virus causes hand foot and mouth disease + herpangia
cocksackie virus
clinical manifestation of hand foot and mouth disease
oral ulcers resembling herpetic stomatitis but without gingivitis
clinical manifestation of herpangia
pharyngeal ulcers
moderated cervical lymphadenopathy
fever, malaise, irratability, anorexia, vomiting
4 stages of syphillis and main features
primary - chancres
secondary - rash + mucous patches
latent
tertiary - gummaotous (granulomatous effecting many organs and hard palate)
Hutchinson’s triad of congenital syphilis
deafness
noticed incisors
ocular interstitial
bacteria causing syphilis
treponema pallidum
what TB is associated with oral TB lesins
primary - ulcers of tongue
secondary - ulcers/nodules tongue + HP
what TB is associated with head + neck TB lesions
secondary
bacteriological diagnosis of TB
acid fast bacilli on microscopic examination + on culture ziehl-neelson staining)
what is actinomycosis
rare chronic granulomatous disease causes by actinomycetes SPP
clinical manifestation of actinomycosis
slowly progressive painless indurated mass
evolves into multiple abscesses with draining sinus on skin or oral mucosa
yellow purulent material discharges from sinuses
what does biopsy of actin mycosis find
outer zone of granulation
central zone of necrosis