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Oral Diseases > Theme 4 Dental anomalies > Flashcards

Theme 4 Dental anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

3 causes of impacted teeth

A
  1. lack of space
  2. pathology - cysts, odontomes, tumours
  3. syndromes
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2
Q

2 syndromes casing supernumerary teeth

A

cleidocranial dysostosis + gardeners syndrome

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3
Q

most popular impacted teeth?

A

8 > upper 3 > upper 1 > lower 4 > lower 5 > supernumerary

8 > 3> lower 4/5 > 1

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4
Q

when can you extract a 3rd molar

A
  1. must have pathology
  2. tumour resection
  3. prior to orthographic surgery
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5
Q

signs and symptoms of impacted teeth

A 
retention of primary teeth
tooth missing
swelling
mobility, tilting, loss of vitality of adjacent tooth
periocoronitis
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6
Q

radiographic signs that IAN is close to tooth?

A

darkening of root
diversion/narrowing of canal
interruption of cortical outline
diversion/narrowing of root

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7
Q

what imaging is used to further assess lower 3rd molar extractions?

A

CBCT

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8
Q

6 treatment options for impacted teeth

A
  1. leave
  2. remove
  3. expose
  4. transplant
  5. coronectomy
  6. interceptive ortho
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9
Q

3 functions of elevators

A
  1. dilate socket
  2. move tooth along natural path of withdrawal
  3. remove bone
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10
Q

purpose of bone removal in MOS

A

reveal tooth
create point of application
access the furcation
relieve + impaction

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11
Q

common sequelae to transplanting a tooth

A

resorption - leading to early RCT

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12
Q

what treatment may be indicated in very high risk impacted 3rd molars

A

coronectomy

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13
Q

hard tissue complications to extraction

A

teeth - damage adjacent, retained roots, displace teeth/roots, OAC

bone - fracture tuberosity, fracture mandible, sequestrum

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14
Q

soft tissue complications of MOS

A

mechanical burns
crushing flap
poor flap design
neurovascular damage

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15
Q

most common missing teeth

A

8 > upper 2s > lower 5s

permanent > primary
F >M

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16
Q

genes related to number of teeth

A

homeobox, MSX1, PAX9

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17
Q

3 types of supernumerary teeth

A

mesiodens
paramolar
distomolar

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18
Q

most common supernumerary teeth

A

upper 2s > lower 5s > uppers 5s

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19
Q

what is hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia?

A

hypodontia/anodontia associated with lack of hair, sweating + saddle nose

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20
Q

what are cleft lip/palate, downs, croutons, ellis van creveld + oral facial digital all associated with?

A

hypodontia

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21
Q

3 syndromes associated with micro/macro dontia?

A

Ehlers danlos
downs
congenital heart disease

22
Q

2 causes of double teeth

A

fusion or germination

23
Q

what is concrescence?

A

roots of two or more teeth are united by cementum alone after formation of the crowns

24
Q

what is taurodontism?

A

pulp chamber has a greater pico-occlusal height

25
Q

dental manifestations of Ehlers danlos

A

microdontia, short roots, pulp stones, fragile mucosa, juvenile periodontitis

(increased bleeding)

26
Q

oral manifestations of congenital syphilis

A

infection of tooth germ by treponema palladium

Hutchinson’s incisors - screw driver shaped with notch
mulberry molars - nodular cusps
moon molars - dome shaped crowns

27
Q

what does xs fluoride cause

A

fluorosis - hypoplastic/hypomineralised enamel

28
Q

2 main groups of amelogensis imperfects?

A
  1. hypoplastic

2. hypomineralised

29
Q

how to tell difference between fluorosis + AMELX

A

AMELX involves all teeth

30
Q

what bone disease is dentinogensis type I associated with

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

31
Q

4 causes of abnormalities of dentine

A
  1. local cause - infection, trauma
  2. dentingenesis imperfecta
  3. dentinal dysplasia
  4. environment - rickets, hypophosphatasia, juvenile hypoparathyroidism
32
Q

in which type of collagen is there a defect in osteogenesis imperfecta

A

type I

33
Q

what is type II dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A

hypo mineralised dentine - teeth only

34
Q

clinical features of dentinogensis imperfecta

A

discoloured teeth - grey/brown tint
bulbous crowns
rapid attrition
pulp chamber larger

radiological - thin short blunt roots, pulp chamber becomes obliterated

35
Q

2 types of dentinal dysplasia

A

type I = radicular

type II = coronal

36
Q

what anticonvulsant drug can cause rickets

A

phenytoin

37
Q

oral manifestations of rickets

A

enamel hypoplasia

dentine abnormalities

38
Q

what is regional odontodysplasia

A

rare idiopathic condition

localised hypoplastc, abnormal form, delayed eruption

39
Q

what is hypercementosis?

A

ankylosis

40
Q

causes of hypercementosis/ankylosis

A
  1. idiopathic
  2. infection
  3. overloaded teeth
  4. functionless/unerupted
  5. pagets disease
41
Q

2 causes of hypocementosis

A

cleidocranial dysplasia

hypophosphatasia

42
Q

causes of localised delayed eruption

A 
retention of primary
hypodontia
abnormal crypt position
reduced space
dangerous/eruption cyst
43
Q

4 causes of generalised delayed eruption

A
  1. hypothyroidism - cretinism
  2. rickets
  3. cleidocranial dysplasia
  4. downs syndrome
44
Q

what is a dentigerous cyst

A

follicular cover of unerupted tooth can become cyst

  • can turn into keratocysts
  • can appear radiographically the same as ameloblastoma
45
Q

complications of impacted teeth

A
  1. gap may close before eruption
  2. internal resorption if doesn’t erupt
  3. resorption of adjacent root/impacted roots
  4. dentigerous cysts
  5. infection - hard to clean
46
Q

2 options for parallax

A
  1. 2 PAs

2. occlusal + DPT

47
Q

rule for parallax

A

Same way
Lingual
Opposite way
Buccal

48
Q

how do palatally displaced teeth appear on radiograph

A

magnified

49
Q

what is an odontome

A

amorphous collection of tooth tissue - should be removed

compound or complex

50
Q

what is an open exposure?

A

apically repositioned flap

hole maintained by retainer/cover plate + Coe-pak (ZnOE) dressing

51
Q

what is a closed exposure

A

mucoperiosteal flap raised

gold chains, brackets, magnets use

52
Q

which 4 impacted teeth are indicated for removal

A
  1. palatal canines with shortened TP, open/close canine space, risk to adjacent tooth
  2. buccally excluded canines
  3. mandibular mental canines
  4. palatal premolars

Oral Diseases (14 decks)

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