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Oral Diseases > Theme 4 Dental anomalies > Flashcards

Theme 4 Dental anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

3 causes of impacted teeth

A
  1. lack of space
  2. pathology - cysts, odontomes, tumours
  3. syndromes
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2
Q

2 syndromes casing supernumerary teeth

A

cleidocranial dysostosis + gardeners syndrome

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3
Q

most popular impacted teeth?

A

8 > upper 3 > upper 1 > lower 4 > lower 5 > supernumerary

8 > 3> lower 4/5 > 1

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4
Q

when can you extract a 3rd molar

A
  1. must have pathology
  2. tumour resection
  3. prior to orthographic surgery
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5
Q

signs and symptoms of impacted teeth

A 
retention of primary teeth
tooth missing
swelling
mobility, tilting, loss of vitality of adjacent tooth
periocoronitis
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6
Q

radiographic signs that IAN is close to tooth?

A

darkening of root
diversion/narrowing of canal
interruption of cortical outline
diversion/narrowing of root

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7
Q

what imaging is used to further assess lower 3rd molar extractions?

A

CBCT

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8
Q

6 treatment options for impacted teeth

A
  1. leave
  2. remove
  3. expose
  4. transplant
  5. coronectomy
  6. interceptive ortho
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9
Q

3 functions of elevators

A
  1. dilate socket
  2. move tooth along natural path of withdrawal
  3. remove bone
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10
Q

purpose of bone removal in MOS

A

reveal tooth
create point of application
access the furcation
relieve + impaction

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11
Q

common sequelae to transplanting a tooth

A

resorption - leading to early RCT

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12
Q

what treatment may be indicated in very high risk impacted 3rd molars

A

coronectomy

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13
Q

hard tissue complications to extraction

A

teeth - damage adjacent, retained roots, displace teeth/roots, OAC

bone - fracture tuberosity, fracture mandible, sequestrum

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14
Q

soft tissue complications of MOS

A

mechanical burns
crushing flap
poor flap design
neurovascular damage

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15
Q

most common missing teeth

A

8 > upper 2s > lower 5s

permanent > primary
F >M

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16
Q

genes related to number of teeth

A

homeobox, MSX1, PAX9

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17
Q

3 types of supernumerary teeth

A

mesiodens
paramolar
distomolar

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18
Q

most common supernumerary teeth

A

upper 2s > lower 5s > uppers 5s

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19
Q

what is hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia?

A

hypodontia/anodontia associated with lack of hair, sweating + saddle nose

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20
Q

what are cleft lip/palate, downs, croutons, ellis van creveld + oral facial digital all associated with?

A

hypodontia

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21
Q

3 syndromes associated with micro/macro dontia?

A

Ehlers danlos
downs
congenital heart disease

22
Q

2 causes of double teeth

A

fusion or germination

23
Q

what is concrescence?

A

roots of two or more teeth are united by cementum alone after formation of the crowns

24
Q

what is taurodontism?

A

pulp chamber has a greater pico-occlusal height

25
dental manifestations of Ehlers danlos
microdontia, short roots, pulp stones, fragile mucosa, juvenile periodontitis (increased bleeding)
26
oral manifestations of congenital syphilis
infection of tooth germ by treponema palladium Hutchinson's incisors - screw driver shaped with notch mulberry molars - nodular cusps moon molars - dome shaped crowns
27
what does xs fluoride cause
fluorosis - hypoplastic/hypomineralised enamel
28
2 main groups of amelogensis imperfects?
1. hypoplastic | 2. hypomineralised
29
how to tell difference between fluorosis + AMELX
AMELX involves all teeth
30
what bone disease is dentinogensis type I associated with
osteogenesis imperfecta
31
4 causes of abnormalities of dentine
1. local cause - infection, trauma 2. dentingenesis imperfecta 3. dentinal dysplasia 4. environment - rickets, hypophosphatasia, juvenile hypoparathyroidism
32
in which type of collagen is there a defect in osteogenesis imperfecta
type I
33
what is type II dentinogenesis imperfecta?
hypo mineralised dentine - teeth only
34
clinical features of dentinogensis imperfecta
discoloured teeth - grey/brown tint bulbous crowns rapid attrition pulp chamber larger radiological - thin short blunt roots, pulp chamber becomes obliterated
35
2 types of dentinal dysplasia
type I = radicular | type II = coronal
36
what anticonvulsant drug can cause rickets
phenytoin
37
oral manifestations of rickets
enamel hypoplasia | dentine abnormalities
38
what is regional odontodysplasia
rare idiopathic condition | localised hypoplastc, abnormal form, delayed eruption
39
what is hypercementosis?
ankylosis
40
causes of hypercementosis/ankylosis
1. idiopathic 2. infection 3. overloaded teeth 4. functionless/unerupted 5. pagets disease
41
2 causes of hypocementosis
cleidocranial dysplasia | hypophosphatasia
42
causes of localised delayed eruption
``` retention of primary hypodontia abnormal crypt position reduced space dangerous/eruption cyst ```
43
4 causes of generalised delayed eruption
1. hypothyroidism - cretinism 2. rickets 3. cleidocranial dysplasia 4. downs syndrome
44
what is a dentigerous cyst
follicular cover of unerupted tooth can become cyst * can turn into keratocysts * can appear radiographically the same as ameloblastoma
45
complications of impacted teeth
1. gap may close before eruption 2. internal resorption if doesn't erupt 3. resorption of adjacent root/impacted roots 4. dentigerous cysts 5. infection - hard to clean
46
2 options for parallax
1. 2 PAs | 2. occlusal + DPT
47
rule for parallax
Same way Lingual Opposite way Buccal
48
how do palatally displaced teeth appear on radiograph
magnified
49
what is an odontome
amorphous collection of tooth tissue - should be removed compound or complex
50
what is an open exposure?
apically repositioned flap hole maintained by retainer/cover plate + Coe-pak (ZnOE) dressing
51
what is a closed exposure
mucoperiosteal flap raised gold chains, brackets, magnets use
52
which 4 impacted teeth are indicated for removal
1. palatal canines with shortened TP, open/close canine space, risk to adjacent tooth 2. buccally excluded canines 3. mandibular mental canines 4. palatal premolars

Oral Diseases (14 decks)

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