41, 42, 44 Flashcards
7 types of anaemia
- excess loss - acute or chronic
- failure of production of RBCs - usually genetic
- deficiency anaemia - Fe, B12, Folate - pernicious
- marrow disease
- excess destruction
- sickle cell anaemia
- thalassaemia
causes of thrombocytopenia
- decreased production - marrow disease, liver disease, cytotoxic drugs, radiotherapy
- increased destruction - ITP
4 types of leukaemia
- acute
- chronic
- lymphoid
- myeloid
characteristic of burkitts lymphoma
bone lesions
things to be aware of with leukaemia patients
control infection
haemorrhage risk
dealing with anaemia
drug side effects
what is myeloma
malignant neoplasm of plasma cells (which are made in bone marrow)
5 features of myeloma
- bone pain + fracture
- anaemia + infection
- monoclonal gammopathy - raised IgG
- hypercalcaemia
- renal failure
oral manifestations of myeloma
macroglossa + togue amyloidosis
what is aplastic anaemia
marrow disease - all cells reduced
anaemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
all features of leukaemia without malignancy
what group of people does BMS usually effect
post menopausal women
other clinical features of BMS
xerostomia
altered taste sensation - metallic/bitter
often mental health problem
tongue > lower mucosal lip
burning appears suddenly - no known precipitating incident
constant - better on awakening, worsens through day
what is alpha-lipoid acid a treatment for
BMS
it is an antioxidant
topical therapy used for BMS
clonazepam
main features of sjogrens syndrome
dry eye, dry mouth, muscle/joint pain, fatigue
inflammation of salivary glands
2 categories of sjogrens syndrome
primary
secondary
3 markers of salivary gland involvement for diagnosis of sjogrens syndrome
- unstimulated whole salivary flow <1.5ml in 15mins
- parotid sialography showing presence of diffuse sialectasias
- salivary scintigraphy showing dealer uptake, reduced conc and/or delayed excretion of tracer
test for sjogrens
biopsy of salivary gland to determine in inflammation present
what is focus score
no. of foci in 4mm2 of glandular tissue when assessing for sjogrens syndrome
what autoimmune diseases can secondary sjogrens be associated with
rheumatoid arthritis - most common
SLE
systemic sclerosis
primary biliary cholangitis
what is biggest risk of sjogrens syndrome
lymphoma risk
what imaging used for salivary glands
ultrasound
