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Russia Edexcel History A Level > Theme 1 (government) > Flashcards

Theme 1 (government) Flashcards

1
Q

by what year was there a communist one party state

A

1922

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2
Q

first constituent assembly date

A

1917

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3
Q

when did bolshevik party become communist party

A

1918

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4
Q

when were other political parties banned

A

1921

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5
Q

when did Bukahrin have secret meeting with Zinoviev and Kaminev

A

1928

year Stalin is ‘in power’

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6
Q

what congress happened in 1921

A

10th party congress

  • on party unity (ban on factions)
  • end War Communism –> NEP
  • Lenin authorises Cheka
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7
Q

how many members in politburo (at start)

A

7-9

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8
Q

when was the soviet state renamed the USSR

A

1924

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9
Q

how often did the Politburo meet under Stalin (early Stalin, 1930s)

A

9 times a year

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10
Q

when was politburo renamed presidium

A

1952

Changed back to politburo under Khrushchev’s de-stalinisation

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11
Q

how much of central committee removed under Khrushchev

A

50%

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12
Q

what congress happened in 1961

A

22 party congress
Khrushchev divides party into agriculture and industry
Fixed term of 16 years on central committee (unpopular as no more job stability)

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13
Q

when was gthe constitution that gave citizens right to criticise under brezhnev

A

1977

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14
Q

when and what was the congress of silence

A

1966
23rd party congress
Very little discusses –> shows inefficiency of Brezhnev

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15
Q

when were lenins chistka and numbers

A

1918 and another in early 1920s. 1/3 part purged under lenin

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16
Q

when was stalins chistka and numbers

A

1932-35

by 1935 22% party removed

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17
Q

when wre stalins purges of all levels of the party

A

1930s

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18
Q

when did ryutin accuse stalin of building dictatorship

A

1932

Stalin wants to have him killed but Politburo don’t let him (shows limits to Stalins power)

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19
Q

when was trial of 16

Who did it target?

A

1936

Zinoviev & his allies

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20
Q

when was trial of 17

Who did it target?

A

1937

Trotsky’s old supporters

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21
Q

when was trial of 21

Who did it target?

A

1938
Bukharin and his supporters, including Yagoda (former head of secret police).
Used as scape goats for the extreme terror

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22
Q

when was the Shakhty trials and who was on trial

A
  1. managers and technical experts charged with holding back industrialisation
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23
Q

when was red army purged (Stalin)

A

1937 and 1938

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24
Q

red army purge numbers (Stalin)

A

3/5 marshalls
14/16 commanders
35,000 officers
all navy admirals

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25
when was purge of secret police (Stalin)
1936
26
purge of secret police numbers (Stalin)
first 6 months of yezhov (1936), 3,000+ purged
27
when was evidence of doctors plot found?
1953
28
when was Trotsky assassinated
1940
29
when was stalins 70th
1949 | Mao attends
30
when did stain die
1953
31
how many political prisoners did Beria release and when
1953-60 2 million released Attempt to gain power, Khrushchev got the credit
32
when was Lenin in power?
1917-24
33
when was Stalin in power?
1928-53 | took Stalin 4 years after Lenin's death
34
when was Khrushchev in power?
1956-64 took Khrushchev 3 years after Stalin's death to emerge as "first among equals" Forced to step down in 1964
35
when was Brezhnev in power?
1964-82
36
when was Andropov in power?
1982-84
37
when was Chernenko in power?
1984-85
38
who was involved in the power struggle 1924 - 28?
Stalin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kaminev
39
Who was involved in the power struggle 1953 - 56?
Khrushchev, Beria, Malenkov
40
When did Germany invade USSR?
1941
41
when was Trotsky expelled from the party?
1928
42
death of Kirov
1934 Popular party member and 'friend' of Stalin Started the show trials
43
Start of Cold War
1947
44
Stalin shifting power between party and state
1938: politburo (party) 1942: state defence committee (state) 1945: Council of ministers (state)
45
Leningrad affair
1949 purge of Leningrad party Zhandov + 200 supporters killed, 2000 arrested
46
When did Stalin imprison Molotov's wife?
1949
47
when was Khrushchev's secret speech?
1956 criticised Stalin's excessive use of terror began de-Stalinisation
48
first coup against Khrushchev
1957 | anti party group lead my Molotov and Malenkov
49
increased party membership Khrushchev
1954: 6.9 million. 'democratisation' allows peasants and workers to join 1964: 11 million. 60% members are peasants and workers
50
increased politburo age Brezhnev
1966: average Politburo age 58 1982: average politburo age 75
51
'Stability of cadres' introduced
1966
52
'stability of cadres' abandoned
1982 (Andropov)
53
politburo replaces Sovnarkom
1920 | Sovnarkom now only approves decisions made by politburo
54
Tambov uprising
1920 | 50,000 in Green Army
55
Kronstadt mutiny
1921 estimated 1000 killed (wikipedia said 1000) Prompted NEP
56
when was the civil war
1918-21
57
first constituent assembly (votes)
1917 Socialist Revolutionary party: 347 seats Bolshevik Party: 175 seats Lenin uses Red Army to shut down
58
The great terror
1936 - 38 | 10% adult male population arrested or killed
59
example Stalin appointing rivals in 'parallel' positions between State and Party
Made Zhandov (Beria's key rival) in charge of Party supervision of Beria's secret police
60
the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
signed 1918 (Lenin) Treaty with Germany to get Russia out of WW1 Russia lost control over Baltic states, lost 1/3 of all industry --> national humiliation for conservatives (esp army) Caused allies to help white army in civil war
61
How many people promoted to politburo under Brezhnev's stability of cadres ?
1966 - 1982: only 2 people promoted to the politburo | Lack of incentive to work as officials knew they were unlikely to ever be promoted or demoted
62
when was the USSR occupying Afghanistan?
1979 - 1989

Russia Edexcel History A Level (5 decks)

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