Theatre

Question 1

What should the width of the cuff be with a tourniquet?

Answer 1

Min 1/2 diameter of limb

Question 2

What should the inflation pressures be in UL and LL surgery?

Answer 2

UL 50mmhg above systolic

LL 100mmhg above systolic

Question 3

Maximum tourniquet time UL vs LL

Answer 3

UL 90mins

LL 120mins

Question 4

What is the minimum cuff length

Answer 4

3-6 inches overlap

Question 5

CI to tourniquet? 5

Answer 5

1. PVD
2. Infection
3. Sickle cell disease
4. Poor skin
5. Crush injuries

Question 6

What What is the difference between the cut and coag settings in electrosurgery?

Answer 6

1. Cut = continuous current
   Vaporises cells
2. Coag = pulsed current

Question 7

Which has a lower impedance and lower voltage - mono or bipolar?

Answer 7

Bipolar

Question 8

What are the 2 main different methods of sterilisation using heat?

Answer 8

Steam

Dry heat

Question 9

How does steam sterilisation work?

Answer 9

Steam heated to 121-134 degrees under pressure

Air removed

Question 10

Dry heat vs steam

Answer 10

Much longer

Time dependant

Question 11

Major types of chemical sterilization? 3

Answer 11

Ethylene Oxide
Ozone
NO2

Question 12

2 different types of radiation sterilization

Answer 12

1. Non Ionizing - UV

Ionizing

Question 13

Examples of ionising radiation?

Answer 13

1. Gamma
2. Electron beam
3. High energy xrays

Question 14

Regarding theatre ventilation: how many CFU/m3?

Answer 14

<0.5

Question 15

4 types of theatre ventilation?

Answer 15

1. Plenum (Postitive Pressure)
2. Laminar
3. Ultraclean (HEPA >=0.3MicroM removed)
4. Ex flow system (Howorth enclosure) (upside down trumpet)

Question 16

What is plenum ventilation?

Answer 16

Positive pressure gradient created in theatre

Question 17

Air changes/ hr plenum?

Answer 17

20

Question 18

What is laminar air flow?

Answer 18

Entire body of air in a designated space moves in a uniform velocity in single direction along parallel flow lines

Question 19

Air changes/hr laminar?

Answer 19

300

Question 20

What does ultra clean ventilation entail?

Answer 20

High efficient Particulate Air filters

HEPA

Question 21

What is an ex-flow system?

Answer 21

Air moves downwards and outwards (Inverted trumpet)

More efficient that laminar flow

Question 22

What level of lighting is required?

Answer 22

30000 - 40000 lux

Question 23

What are the 5 theatre zones?

Answer 23

Outer
Clean
Restricted
Ultraclean
Dirty

Question 24

Wattage of monopolar diathermy power unit?

Answer 24

400W

Question 25

Minimum size of plate in monopolar>

Answer 25

70cm2

Question 26

Types of clothing in theatre?

Answer 26

1. Open weave (80 microns - skin scales pass through)
2. Closed weave (20 microns)
3. Disposable non-woven (Spun laced fibres - trap bacteria - expensive)

Question 27

Diathermy hertz?

Answer 27

> 100

high freq