Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Unit I > The Wrist and Palm > Flashcards

The Wrist and Palm Flashcards

1
Q

bones of the wrist

A 
"Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle" (proximal to distal, lateral to medial)
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

wrist joint

A
  • a condyloid joint (oval shaped synovial joint)

- reinforced with palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the wrist joint formed by

A
  • convex surface of proximal carpal bones

- concave surface of distal end of radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

radiocarpal ligaments

A
  • radial collateral: styloid process of radius to scaphoid

- ulnar collateral: styloid process of ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

movement of the wrist joint

A

movement occurs between the proximal row of carpal bones and the radius/ulna. (although distal row articulates with proximal row, very little movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carpal groove

A

formed by the concavity of the ventral (anterior) side of the carpal bones; exaggerated by the tubercles of scaphoid, trapezium,and pisiform and the hook of hamate.

  • the flexor retinaculum stretches over it to form the carpal tunnel
  • *note: the bones are convex on the posterior surface
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

flexor retinaculum

A
  • thickening of the deep layer of the antebrachial fascia
  • forms the carpal tunnel from the carpal groove
  • a strong transverse band between the pisiform/hamate (medial) and the scaphoid/trapezium (lateral)
  • located between the superficial and deep flexor muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

structures that pass through the carpal tunnel

A
  1. flexor pollicis longus (deep muscle)
  2. flexor digitorum superficialis (IM muscle) and profundus (deep muscle) .. 8 tendons
  3. median nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

structures that pass anteriorly to the carpal tunnel

A
  1. palmaris longus (inserts on palmar aponeurosis)
  2. flexor carpi ulnaris (inserts on pisiform, hamate, and base of MC V)
  3. ulnar nerve/artery
    * ** FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS does not pass through the tunnel, it has its own tunnel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  • due to a decrease carpal tunnel size (due to arthritis, inflammation etc.)
  • results in compression of median nerve: results in numbness and both sensory/motor weakness
  • due to overuse of digits, swelling of tendons, compression by a broken bone
  • incision of flexor retinaculum may be necessary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tubular synovial sheath

A
  • encase the tendons from wrist to hand/digits
  • inner visceral and outer parietal layer (potential for synovial fluid between)
  • ulnar bursa (FDS and FDP) , radial bursa (flexor pollicic longus), and synovial sheath for flexor carpi radialis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

common synovial sheath

A
  • encloses all the superficialis and profundus tendons (8 of them)
  • aka ulnar bursa
  • continuous distally beyond the middle of the palm (digital sheath for digit V), the rest ends at mid-palm **digits II-IV no synovial sheath in palm until in the digits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

radial bursa

A
  • synovial sheath that covers the tendon of flexor pollicis longus
  • extends distally to the terminal phalanx of the thumb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Palmar Aponeurosis location

A
  • deep fascia of central palm
  • continuous with thenar and hypothenar fascia
  • Proximal: palmaris longus
  • Distally: flexor digitorum superficialis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

palmar aponeurosis in relation to palmar nerves/arteries/veins

A

cutaneous nerves = superficial to palmar aponeurosis

arteries/nerves/tendons = deep to palmar aponeurosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

function of palmar aponeurosis

A

to protect contents of palm (lie deep to it)

17
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture

A
  • progressive fibrosis of the palmar aponeurosis
  • results in shortening/ thickening of palmar aponeurosis… causes a pull on the digits and metacarpophalangeal joints towards the palm of the hand
18
Q

anterior wrist arteries/muscles (from lateral to medial)

A

lateral to medial: radial artery (pulse), flexor carpi radialis (medial to which is the median nerve), palmaris longus (when present), flexor digitorum superficialis, ulnar artery (medial to which is the ulnar nerve), and flexor carpi ulnaris

19
Q

extensor retinaculum

A
  • formed by the posterior distal antebrachial fascia
  • extends obliquely from the anterior border of the radius to the styloid process of the ulna
  • creates 6 synovial sheaths
20
Q

synovial sheaths from extensor retinaculum

A
  • all begin proximal to the extensor retinaculum
  • contain:
    1. adbuctor pollicis longus/ extensor pollicis brevis
    2. extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
    3. extensor pollicis longus
    4. extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
    5. extensor digiti minimi
    6. extensor carpi ulnaris
21
Q

What forms the borders of the anatomical snuff box? what runs through it?

A
  • form it: tendons of abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis (anterior border, together), and extensor pollicis longus (posterior border)
  • roof: superficial radial nerve goes through
  • floor: radial artery goes through
22
Q

Location of median nerve in wrist

A
  • found medial to the tendon of flexor carpi radialis and lateral to the palmaris longus
  • enters the carpal tunnel
23
Q

Affect of carpal tunnel on palm (due to median nerve)

A
  • motor impairment to thenar muscles
  • sensory impairment to palmar aspec of lateral 3.5 digits
  • NO sensory impairment to the palm (median nerve sends a palmar cutaneous branch superior to the flexor retinaculum)
24
Q

Branches of the median nerve in the wrist

A
  1. Palmar branch (superior to carpal tunnel, thus not affected by carpal tunnel syndrome): sensory to anterior digits I, II, III and lateral IV (posterior distal digit sensation also)
  2. digital nerves
  3. recurrent branch
25
Q

Ulnar nerve branches in the wrist

A
  1. superficial branch: anterior palm: digit V, and mediall digit IV
  2. deep branch: posterior hand: all of digit V and IV except the lateral distal portion of digit IV
    (3. ) palmar branch of forearm
26
Q

ulnar damage causes:

A
  1. sensory impairment to anterior and posterior aspects of medial part of hand (digit V, and medial IV)
  2. decreased abduction and adduction of fingers (interossei)
  3. Adductor pollicis paralysis
  4. paralysis of two medial lumbricals

Anatomy Unit I (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions