Muscles Flashcards
1
Q
gluteus maximas origin
A
gluteus medius fascia, ilium behind posterior gluteal line, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, fascia of erector spinae
2
Q
gluteus maximas insertion
A
gluteal tuberosity of the femur and the iliotibial tract
3
Q
gluteus maximas innervation
A
inferior gluteal (L5, S1,S2)
4
Q
gluteus maximas action
A
extension and lateral rotation of the thigh; helps stabilize the knee by pulling on the ilitoibial tract
5
Q
Obturator internus origin
A
Internal surface of obturator membrane and the superior pubic and inferior ischiopubic rami
6
Q
Obturator internus insertion
A
Greater trochanter of femur
7
Q
Obturator internus innervation
A
n. to the obturator internus (L5, S1)
8
Q
Obturator internus action
A
Laterally rotate femur
9
Q
piriformis origin
A
Pelvic (anterior) surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
10
Q
piriformis insertion
A
Greater trochanter of femur
11
Q
piriformis innervation
A
Ventral rami (L5, S1, S2)
12
Q
piriformis action
A
Laterally rotate femur
13
Q
Puborectalis origin
A
Pubis (just lateral to the pubic symphysis)
14
Q
Puborectalis insertion
A
Wraps around rectum posteriorly and fuses with partner muscle
15
Q
Puborectalis innervation
A
S2-S4
16
Q
Puborectalis action
A
Maintains 80° flexure at anorectal junction; Maintains fecal continence; think strap muscle located inferior to pubococcygeus muscle, paired
17
Q
Pubbococcygeus origin
A
Suspended off anterior half of tendinous arch
18
Q
Pubbococcygeus insertion
A
R and L fuse at midline superior surface of anococcygeal ligament (forms median raphe)
19
Q
Pubbococcygeus innervation
A
S2-4
20
Q
Pubbococcygeus action
A
forms lateral margin of urogenital hiatus, paired
21
Q
Iliococcygeus origin
A
posterior half of the tendinous arch and ischial spine
22
Q
Iliococcygeus insertion
A
posterior portion of anococcygeal ligament and tip of the coccyx
23
Q
illiococygeus innervation
A
S2-4
24
Q
Coccygeus origin
A
ischial spine
25
Coccygeus insertion
coccyx, lateral margin of sacrum at S5 level, anterior surface of sacrospinous ligament
26
Coccygeus innervation
ventral rami S4 S5
27
Gluteus medius origin
ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
28
Gluteus medius insertion
greater trochanter
29
Gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal nerves
30
Gluteus medius action
abduction and medial rotation of the thigh, prevention of pelvic drop on opposite side when fermur is fixed
31
Gluteus minimus origin
Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
32
Gluteus minimus insertion
Greater trochanter
33
Gluteus minimus innervation
Superior gluteal nerve
34
Gluteus minimus action
Acts with gluteus medius
35
Superior gemellus origin
ischial spine
36
Superior gemellus insertion
greater trochanter by joining obturator internus tendon
37
Superior gemellus innervation
N to obturator internus
38
Superior gemellus action
laterally rotates the thigh
39
Inferior gemellus origin
ischial tuberosity
40
Inferior gemellus insertion
greater trochanter by joining obturator internus tendon
41
Inferior gemellus innervation
N to quadratus femoris
42
Inferior gemellus action
laterally rotates the thigh
43
obturator externus origin
External surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
44
obturator externus insertion
trochanteric fossa
45
obturator externus innervation
obturator nerve
46
obturator externus action
laterally rotate thigh
47
tensor fascia lata origin
ASIS
48
tensor fascia lata insertion
iliotibial tract
49
tensor fascia lata innervation
superior gluteal nerve
50
tensor fascia lata action
Aids in abduction and flexion of thigh, stabilizes knee in extension through iliotibial tract
51
semitendinosus origin
ischial tuberosity
52
semitendinosus insertion
Medial proximal tibia as part of pes anserinus
53
semitendinosus innervation
Tibial division of sciatic
54
semitendinosus action
Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
55
semimembranosus origin
Ischial tuberosity
56
semimembranosus insertion
Medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle. Part of tendon forms the oblique popliteal ligament
57
semimembranosus innervation
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
58
semimembranosus action
Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
59
biceps femoris origin
Long head from ischial tuberosity
Short head from lateral lip of linea aspera
60
biceps femoris insertion
Head of fibula
61
biceps femoris innervation
Tibial division of sciatic (long head)
Common fibular division of sciatic (short head)
62
biceps femoris action
Long head extends thigh, both flex and laterally rotate leg
63
psoas major origin
Lumbar vertebral bodies and transverse processes and IV discs
64
psoas major insertion
lesser trochanter
65
psoas major innervation
L1-3 ventral rami
66
psoas major action
flex thigh
67
iliacus origin
iliac fossa
68
iliacus insertion
lesser trochanter
69
iliacus innervation
Femoral nerve
70
iliacus action
flex thigh
71
psoas minor origin
Bodies of T12 and L1 and disc between
72
psoas minor insertion
Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence
73
psoas minor innervation
L1
74
psoas minor action
weak trunk flexion
75
sartorius origin
Anterior superior iliac spine
76
sartorius insertion
Anterior medial tibia as part of pes anserinus
77
sartorius innervation
Femoral nerve
78
sartorius action
Flexes and abducts thigh, flexes the leg
79
Rectus femoris origin
Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium just above the acetabulum
80
Rectus femoris insertion
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
81
Rectus femoris innervation
Femoral nerve
82
Rectus femoris action
Flexes thigh and extends leg
83
Vastus lateralis origin
Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera
84
Vastus lateralis insertion
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
85
Vastus lateralis innervation
Femoral nerve
86
Vastus lateralis action
Extends leg
87
Vastus medialis origin
Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
88
Vastus medialis insertion
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
89
Vastus medialis innervation
Femoral nerve
90
Vastus medialis action
Extends leg
91
Vastus intermedius origin
Anterior and lateral shaft of femur
92
Vastus intermedius insertion
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
93
Vastus intermedius innervation
Femoral nerve
94
Vastus intermedius action
Extends leg
95
pectineus origin
Pectineal line of pubis
96
pectineus insertion
Pectineal line of femur, just below lesser trochanter
97
pectineus innervation
Femoral nerve
98
pectineus origin action
Flexes and adducts the thigh
99
adductor longus origin
Pubis inferior to pubic crest
100
adductor longus insertion
Middle portion of linea aspera
101
adductor longus innervation
Obturator nerve
102
adductor longus action
Adducts thigh
103
adductor brevis origin
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
104
adductor brevis insertion
Proximal posterior femur and upper linea aspera
105
adductor brevis innervation
Obturator nerve
106
adductor brevis action
Adducts thigh
107
adductor magnus origin
Ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity (hamstring part)
108
adductor magnus insertion
Linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle (hamstring part)
109
adductor magnus innervation
Obturator nerve and tibial division of sciatic (hamstring part)
110
adductor magnus action
Adducts thigh, hamstring part extends thigh
111
gracilis origin
Pubic ramus
112
gracilis insertion
Anterior medial tibia as part of pes anserinus
113
gracilis innervation
Obturator nerve
114
gracilis action
Adducts thigh and flexes leg
115
Gastrocnemius origin
Lateral head from lateral condyle, medial head from femur just above the medial condyle
116
Gastrocnemius insertion
Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
117
Gastrocnemius innervation
Tibial nerve
118
Gastrocnemius action
Plantarflexes foot and flexes leg
119
Soleus origin
Soleal line and medial tibia, head of fibula, with tendinous arch between
120
Soleus insertion
Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
121
Soleus innervation
Tibial nerve
122
Soleus action
Plantarflexes foot
123
Plantaris origin
Lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
124
Plantaris insertion
Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
125
Plantaris innervation
Tibial nerve
126
Plantaris action
Weak plantarflexion of foot
127
Popliteus origin
Tibia above soleal line
128
Popliteus insertion
Lateral femoral condyle
129
Popliteus innervation
Tibial nerve
130
Popliteus action
Laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia to unlock knee, weak flexion at knee
131
Tibialis Posterior origin
Posterior interosseous membrane, tibia and fibula
132
Tibialis Posterior insertion
Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, metatarsals 2-4
133
Tibialis Posterior innervation
Tibial nerve
134
Tibialis Posterior action
Principal invertor of foot, also plantarflexes. Supports medial arch of foot
135
Flexor digitorum longus origin
Posterior medial tibia
136
Flexor digitorum longus insertion
Plantar surface of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
137
Flexor digitorum longus innervation
Tibial nerve
138
Flexor digitorum longus action
Flexes lateral four toes
139
Flexor hallucis longus origin
Posterior fibula and interosseous membrane
140
Flexor hallucis longus insertion
Plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe. Tendon passes through a groove under sustentaculum tali
141
Flexor hallucis longus innervation
Tibial nerve
142
Flexor hallucis longus action
Flexes great toe
143
Flibularis longus origin
Upper lateral fibula
144
Flibularis longus insertion
Plantar side of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
145
Flibularis longus innervation
Superficial fibular nerve
146
Flibularis longus action
Eversion of foot, weak plantarflexion, supports arches;
*** tendon crosses the sole of the foot to insert on the medial side. Thus it helps act as a stirrup to help support the arches of thet, along with tibialis anterior and posterior
147
Flibularis brevis origin
Lower 2/3 of lateral fibula
148
Flibularis brevis insertion
Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
149
Flibularis brevis innervation
Superficial fibular nerve
150
Flibularis brevis action
Eversion of foot
151
Tibialis anterior origin
Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane
152
Tibialis anterior insertion
Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
153
Tibialis anterior innervation
Deep fibular nerve
154
Tibialis anterior action
Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot, stabilize medial arch of foot
155
Extensor digitorum longus origin
Medial fibula
156
Extensor digitorum longus insertion
Distal and middle phalanges of later 4 toes via extensor expansions
157
Extensor digitorum longus innervation
Deep fibular nerve
158
Extensor digitorum longus action
Dorsiflexes foot and extends lateral 4 toes, especially at tarsometatarsal joint
159
Extensor hallucis longus origin
Medial fibula and interosseous membrane
160
Extensor hallucis longus insertion
Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great toe
161
Extensor hallucis longus innervation
Deep fibular nerve
162
Extensor hallucis longus action
Extends great toe, dorsiflexes foot
163
Fibularis tertius origin
Distal medial fibula
164
Fibularis tertius insertion
Base of 5th metatarsal
165
Fibularis tertius innervation
Deep fibular nerve
166
Fibularis tertius action
Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot
167
Extensor digitorium brevis origin
Superior, lateral calcaneus
168
Extensor digitorium brevis insertion
Proximal phalanx of great toe and EDL tendons of toes 2-4
169
Extensor digitorium brevis innervation
Deep fibular nerve
170
Extensor digitorium brevis action
Helps extend the toes
171
1st layer of the plantar foot
abductor hallicis, flexor digitorum bevis, adbuctor digiti minimi
172
Adbuctor hallucis origin
Calcaneal tuberosity
173
Adbuctor hallucis insertion
Medial base of proximal phalanx of great toe
174
Adbuctor hallucis innervation
Medial plantar nerve
175
Adbuctor hallucis action
Abducts great toe
176
Abductor digiti minimi origin
Calcaneal tuberosity
177
Abductor digiti minimi insertion
Lateral base of proximal phalanx of little toe
178
Abductor digiti minimi innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
179
Abductor digiti minimi action
Abducts little toe
180
Flexor digitorum brevis origin
Calcaneal tuberosity
181
Flexor digitorum brevis insertion
Middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
182
Flexor digitorum brevis innervation
Medial plantar nerve
183
Flexor digitorum brevis action
Flexes 4 lateral toes at proximal IP joints
184
Quadratus plantae origin
Medial and lateral calcaneus
185
Quadratus plantae insertion
Lateral side of FDL tendon
186
Quadratus plantae innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
187
Quadratus plantae action
Assists FDL. When it contracts, it changes the angle of pull for the FDL for more effective toe flexion
188
Lumbricals origin
FDL tendon
189
Lumbricals insertion
Extensor expansions of toes 2-5
190
Lumbricals innervation
1st by medial plantar, rest by lateral plantar nerve
191
Lumbricals action
Flex MTP, extend IP joints
192
Flexor Hallucis Brevis origin
Cuboid and lateral cuneiform
193
Flexor Hallucis Brevis insertion
Lateral and medial sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
194
Flexor Hallucis Brevis innervation
Medial plantar nerve
195
Flexor Hallucis Brevis action
Flexes big toe at MTP joint
196
Flexor digiti minimi origin
Base of 5th metatarsal
197
Flexor digiti minimi insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe
198
Flexor digiti minimi innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
199
Flexor digiti minimi action
Flexes little toe at MTP joint
200
Adductor hallicus origin
Transverse head from plantar ligaments of MTP joints; oblique head from bases of metatarsals 2-4
201
Adductor hallicus insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
202
Adductor hallicus innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
203
Adductor hallicus action
Adducts big toe
204
Plantar interossei (3) origin
Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
205
Plantar interossei (3) insertion
Extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of toes 3-5
206
Plantar interossei (3) innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
207
Plantar interossei (3) action
Adducts toes, flex at MTP joints
208
Dorsal Interossei (4) origin
Sides of adjacent metatarsals 1-5
209
Dorsal Interossei (4) insertion
Sides of proximal phalanges of toes 2-4 and extensor expansions
210
Dorsal Interossei (4) innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
211
Dorsal Interossei (4) action
Abducts toes, flex MTP joints
