The Urinary Tract

Question 1

Antiduretic hormone

Answer 1

Hormone produced in the pituitary gland to control the reabsorption of water the renal tubules

Question 2

Aldosterone

Answer 2

Hormone produced by the adrenals to contain sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion

Question 3

Bowman’s capsule

Answer 3

Cup-like capsule enclosing each glomerulus

Question 4

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 4

Hormone produced by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow

Question 5

Filtration

Answer 5

Passage of substances from the glomerulus to BowMan’s capsule

Question 6

Glomerulus

Answer 6

Collection of capillaries in the renal cortex where filtration takes place

Question 7

Kidney

Answer 7

Pair of retroperitoneal bean-shaped organs where urine is formed

Question 8

Nephron

Answer 8

The functional unit of the kidney

Question 9

Nitrogen

Answer 9

Electrolyte component of protein and amino acids

Question 10

Nitrogenous wastes

Answer 10

Waste product of protein metabolism; excreted in urine

Question 11

Potassium

Answer 11

Electrolyte secreted from the bloodstream to the renal tubules and then excreted in the urine

Question 12

Reabsorption

Answer 12

Substances return to the bloodstream from the renal tubules

Question 13

Renal cortex

Answer 13

Outer section of the kidney

Question 14

Renal medulla

Answer 14

Inner section of the kidney

Question 15

Renal pelvis

Answer 15

Central collecting region of the kidney

Question 16

Renin

Answer 16

Proteolytic enzyme produced by the kidney to regulate blood pressure

Question 17

Sodium

Answer 17

Electrolyte in the blood and urine; regulated by the kidney

Question 18

Urea (BUN)

Answer 18

Non-protein nitrogenous waste that results from protein, it is converted to ammonia. Ammonia is then sent to the liver to be converted to urea which is then excreted in the urine

Question 19

Ureter

Answer 19

Tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Question 20

Urethra

Answer 20

Tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Question 21

Uric acid

Answer 21

Metabolic by-product produced by the liver; excreted in the urine

Question 22

Urinary bladder

Answer 22

Sac that temporarily urine

Question 23

Urinary catheterisation

Answer 23

Catheter placed in the urethra to the urinary bladder to obtain a urine sample or relieve a urinary obstruction

Question 24

Urine

Answer 24

Water and waste products produced by the kidneys and stored in that urinary bladder

Question 25

Voiding

Answer 25

Emptying of urine from the urinary bladder. Also called micturition or urination

Question 26

Azotemia

Answer 26

Increase in non-protein nitrogenous wastes in the blood. Also called uremia

Question 27

Calculus

Answer 27

Another name for a stone. Calculus is most often used to describe the small sedimentary particular in urine

Question 28

Dialysis

Answer 28

Separation of waste products from the bloodstream

Question 29

Diuresis

Answer 29

Increased excretion of urine

Question 30

Enuresis

Answer 30

Inability to control excretion; also called incontinence

Question 31

Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC)

Answer 31

Inflammation of the bladder due to an unknown cause

Question 32

Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD)

Answer 32

Disease with a collection of symptoms including cystitis, urethritis, hematutia, dysuria, and crystalluria. Also know as feline urological syndrome (FUS)

Question 33

Free catch

Answer 33

Also known as a voided sample, this is the collection of urine into an open container

Question 34

Perineal urethroetomy

Answer 34

New opening in the area between the annum and scrotum to correct FUS

Question 35

Pollakiuria

Answer 35

Frequent urination

Question 36

Polycystic kidney

Answer 36

Fluid-filled sac within or upon the kidney; the most common congenital renal defect

Question 37

Renal Colic

Answer 37

Pain caused by stones in the kidney

Question 38

Renal Ischemia

Answer 38

Lack of blood flow to the kidney

Question 39

Stranguria

Answer 39

Straining to urinate; slow or painful urination

Question 40

Urinalysis

Answer 40

Separation of urine into its components

Question 41

Urethral stricture

Answer 41

Tightening or narrow of the urethra

Question 42

Urinary retention

Answer 42

Inability to completely empty the bladder

Question 43

Urine specific gravity

Answer 43

Measurement of the density of urine. This measures the weight of dissolved substances in the urine and the dehydration status of the patient based on urine concentration