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VETS1005 > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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2
Q

Bronchus

A

The bifurcation of the trachea that is a passageway into the air space of the lungs. The space on which the bronchi Lie is called the mediastinum

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3
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smallest branches of the bronchi

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4
Q

Alveolus

A

Air sacs in the lungs located at the ends of the bronchioles

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5
Q

Capillary

A

Smallest blood vessel. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the walls of this vessel to and from the alveoli

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6
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells (RBC). Transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body

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7
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs in the lungs

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8
Q

Bifurcation

A

Splitting into 2 branches

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9
Q

Bronchus

A

Bifurcation of the trachea; passageway into the air spaces of the lungs. Also called bronchial tubes

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10
Q

Bronchioles

A

Sam,,eat braches of the bronchi; lead to the alveoli

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11
Q

Cilia

A

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract

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12
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Gas released by tissue cells and transported to the heart and lungs for exhalation

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13
Q

Diaphragm

A

Thin, muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities

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14
Q

Epiglottis

A

Leaf-like piece of Cartilage ov the trachea to prevent aspiration of food

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15
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out; exhalation

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16
Q

External respiration

A

Gas exchange occurring in the lungs

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17
Q

Glottis

A

Opening to the larynx (voice box)

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18
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between the lungs

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19
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Specialised form of epithelial tissue that secretes mucous

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20
Q

Mucus

A

Slimy substance produced by mucous membranes; contains epithelial cells, salts, white blood cells, and glandular secretions

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21
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Proximal aspect of the respiratory tract within the nose

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22
Q

Olfactory

A

Condition of smelling

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23
Q

Oxygen

A

Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the rest of the body

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24
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

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25
Q

Pleura

A

Membrane surrounding each lung

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26
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Space between the pleural membranes and surrounding each lung. Aldo called pleural space

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27
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the atmosphere

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28
Q

Respiratory system

A

Group of organs working together to transfer oxygen from the air to the blood and to transfer carbon dioxide from the blood to the air

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29
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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30
Q

Ventilation

A

Exchange if gas (air) in an enclosed space

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31
Q

Vocal cords

A

Folds of mucous membranes in the larynx that vibrate to create sound

32
Q

Agonal

A

Respirations near death

33
Q

Antitussives

A

Substances used to control and prevent coughing

34
Q

Asphyxia

A

Blockage of breathing leading to hypoxia; suffocation

35
Q

Aspiration

A

Inhalation of a foreign substance into the respiratory tract

36
Q

Asthma

A

Chronic inflammatory disorder marked by dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and wheezing

37
Q

Atelectasis

A

Incomplete dilation of a lung (alveoli)

38
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening with a stethoscope to sounds within the body

39
Q

Blood gas analysis

A

Laboratory test measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide in venous and arterial blood

40
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Drugs that cause dilation or expansion of the bronchus

41
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

The reestablishment of heart and lung activity

42
Q

Chest tube

A

Hollow tube placed into the Thoracic cavity to remove air or fluid

43
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

Disease consisting of chronic bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and emphysema. Commonly called heaves or broken wind

44
Q

Cough

A

Forced expulsion of air from the lungs

45
Q

Diaphragmatic hernia

A

Displacement of abdominal organs through that opening in the diaphragm

46
Q

Emphysema

A

Lung disease caused by enlargement of the alveoli. This occurs due to changes, or loss of elasticity, in the alveolar walls

47
Q

Endotrachesl intubation

A

Placement of a tube through the mouth and into the windpipe to establish an airway

48
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

49
Q

Hyperpnea

A

Increased depth of breathing

50
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Abnormal, rapid, deep breathing

51
Q

Hypopnea

A

Slow or shallow breathing

52
Q

Intubation

A

Placement of a tube. This can refer to endotracheal, orogastric, and nasogastric

53
Q

Metastasis

A

To spread beyond control; spreading of a tumour to a secondary location

54
Q

Mucolytics

A

Substances used to break down or dissolve mucous

55
Q

Palliative

A

Relieving symptoms, but not curing

56
Q

Paroxysmal

A

Sudden occurrence such as a spasm or seizure. An example is a cough

57
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping a surface to determine the density of the underlying structure. For example, if tapping the surface of a chest or abdomen filled sigh air, the sound produced is a hollow ping. If filled with fluid, the sound is more of a thunk or thud

58
Q

Phlegm

A

Thick mucus excreted in large quantities

59
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity

60
Q

Pneumonia

A

Acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli

61
Q

Pulse oximeter

A

Instrument for measuring oxygen concentration in arterial blood

62
Q

Purulent

A

Containing pus

63
Q

Rates and crackles

A

Crackling noises heard on inspiration due to fluid in the alveoli. Also called crepes

64
Q

Rhonchi

A

Wheezing. High-pitched whistling sounds heard during inspiration

65
Q

Sputum

A

Mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi and trachea

66
Q

Stridor

A

Strained shrill heard during inspiration due to an airway obstruction

67
Q

Tidal volume

A

Amount of gas passing in and out of the lungs during a respiratory cycle

68
Q

Transtracheal wash

A

Introduction of sterile saline into the trachea through a catheter and then withdrawal of the fluid for cytology

69
Q

Vesicular sounds

A

Soft sounds heard on auscultation due to small bronchioles and alveoli. Also called w vesicular murmur

70
Q

Alveol/o

A

Alveoli; air sacs

71
Q

Pector/o

A

Chest

72
Q

Bronch/o; bronchi/o

A

Bronchial tube

73
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx; throat

74
Q

Pragm/o

A

Wall

75
Q

Phren/o

A

Diaphragm

VETS1005 (11 decks)

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