Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

VETS1005 > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Endocardium

A

Inner lining of the heart. This layer of endothelial cells lines the chamber and valves within the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Myocardium

A

Muscle layer of the heart. This is literally the heart muscle and gives the heart the power to push the blood throughout the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pericardium

A

Membrane surrounding the heart. This membrane is actually a two-layer sac made up of visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium. This visceral layer adheres to the heart, whereas the parietal layer lines the fibrous outer portion of the pericardium. The space between the heart and the pericardium is termed the precardial space is a fluid that acts as a lubricant got the membranes as the heart beats. This fluid is called pericardial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The flow of blood

A

Venal Cavae-right atrium-tricuspid valve-right ventricle-pulmonary valve-pulmonary arteries-lungs-pulmonary veins-left atrium-bicuspid valve-left ventricle-aortic valve-aorta-body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

White lead
Green lead
Black lead
Red lead

A

Right front
Right rear
Left front
Left rear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

P wave

A

Represents atrial function, specifically depolarisation or excitation of the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

PR segment

A

Represents conduction through the AV node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

QRS wave

A

Represents ventricular function, specifically the excitation of the ventricules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ST segment

A

Represents the end of ventricular depolarisation and the onset of ventricular depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T wave

A

Represents the relaxation phase from the contraction. This is the recovery (repolarisation) of the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Aortic valve

A

Valve between the left ventricle and aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Apex

A

Pointed end of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Artery

A

A large vessel that carries blood away from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Atrioventricular bundle

A

Specialised muscle fibres in the interventricular septum that carry electrical impulses to the ventricules. Also called the bundle of His

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

AV node

A

Specialised tissue in the interatrial septum; carries impulses from the SA node to the walls of the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

AV valve

A

Valves between the atria and ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Atrium

A

Two upper heart chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bas

A

Cranial portion of the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Bicuspid valve

A

Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle. Also called the mitral valve or left AV valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Bifurcat

A

Splitting into two branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Capillaries

A

Smallest blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Gas released by tissue cells and transported to the heart and lungs for exhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Supply blood and oxygen to the myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Deoxygenated blood

A

Oxygen-poor blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Diastole

A

The relaxation phase of the heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Endocardium

A

Inner lining of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Endothelium

A

Epithelial cells lining the heart cavity and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Myocardium

A

Muscle layer of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Oxygen

A

Gas that entered the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Oxygenated blood

A

Oxygen-rich blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Pericardium

A

Membrane surrounding the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Flow of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

Veins that cart oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Pulse

A

Heartbeat felt through the walls of the arteries. A bounding pulse is a strong and powerful pulse. A thready pulse is a pulse that’s difficult to feel

38
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Valves between the entrances of the aorta and pulmonary artery. Referred to as semilunar because they are shaped like a half-moon

39
Q

Septum

A

Partition

40
Q

Sinoatrial node

A

Pacemaker of the heart

41
Q

Sinus rhythm

A

Normal heart rhythm

42
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Flow of blood from the body cells to the heart and back out to the body cells

43
Q

Systole

A

Contraction phase of the heart

44
Q

Valves

A

Structures in veins and in the heart that temporarily close an opening so that blood can flow in one direction

45
Q

Vein

A

Thin-walled vessel that carries blood toward the heart

46
Q

Vena cavae

A

Largest veins in the body

47
Q

Ventricles

A

Two lower chambers of the heart

48
Q

Aneurysm

A

Sac (dilation) formed by weakening of a blood vessel. Can lead to hemorrhage stroke

49
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Abnormal heart rhythm. Also called dysrhythmia

50
Q

Asystole

A

Without contraction; lack of heart activity

51
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Hardening of arteries due to plaque buildup

52
Q

Atrial septal defect (ASD)

A

Small hole(s) in the interatrial septum

53
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening with a stethoscope to sounds within the body. Thoracic auscultation is often used to listen to heart and breath sounds. Abdominal auscultation is often used to listen to gut sounds

54
Q

Cardiac hypertrophy (HCM)

A

Enlargement of the heart due to increased cell size

55
Q

Cardiac Tamponade

A

Compression of the heart due to fluid or blood in the pericardial sac

56
Q

Congenital heart disease (CHD)

A

Abnormalities of the heart at birth

57
Q

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

Heart is unable to pump it’s required of blood

58
Q

Capillary refill time (CRT)

A

The time it takes for the mucous membranes to return to a normal pink colour after applying finger pressure

59
Q

Defibrillation

A

Use of electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm

60
Q

Echocardiogram (ECHO)

A

High-frequency sound waves and echoes that produce an image of the heart

61
Q

Embolism

A

Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material

62
Q

Embolus

A

A detached, moving clot

63
Q

Fibrillation

A

Rapid, random, and irregular contractions of the heart

64
Q

Flutter

A

Rapid but regular contractions of the atria and ventricles. Can be further isolated as an atrial flutter or ventricle flutter depending on the Chamber involved

65
Q

Heart worm disease

A

Infestation of the parasite Dirofilaria immitis in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries. Transmitted after a blood meal from a mosquito

66
Q

Hyperemia

A

Excessive blood in a body part. This usually occurs due to vasodilation

67
Q

Hypertension

A

Increased blood pressure

68
Q

Hypotension

A

Decreased blood pressure

69
Q

Hypoxia

A

Decreased oxygen to tissues

70
Q

Infarction

A

Area of dead tissue

71
Q

Ischemia

A

Lack of blood flow to tissues

72
Q

Ligate

A

To tie off a vessel to prevent bleeding or to constrict tissue using ligature. Ligature is material such as a thread or wire.

73
Q

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

A

Displacement of the bicuspid valve leading to incomplete closure of the valve during ventricular contraction

74
Q

Murmur

A

An extra heart sound

75
Q

Occlusion

A

Blockage; obstruction if closure of body passage

76
Q

Patent

A

Open; unobstructed. Term can be used to describe vessels and catheters

77
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

A

Condition in which the smell duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery, which Norma,my closes after birth, remains open. The duct itself I’d called the ductus arteriosus. PDA causes continuous murmur, fatigue, and exercise intolerance. It is most common heart malformation in dogs and is most often seen in collies, shelties, old English sheepdogs, and Pomeranians

78
Q

Perfusion (tissue perfusion)

A

Passage of fluid through the blood vessels if a specific organ; blood flow through the tissue

79
Q

Pericardial effusion

A

Escape of fluid into the pericardial sac leading to cardiac Tamponade. An effusion is an escape of fluid and can occur anywhere in the body

80
Q

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC, VPC)

A

Ventricles are triggered to contract by the Purkinje fibres rather than SA node

81
Q

Shock

A

Inadequate tissue perfusion. Blood pools in the capillaries to increase the blood volume of the patient, which then decreases its flow to vital organs

82
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

Instrument that measures arterial blood pressure

83
Q

Stent

A

Small expander inserted into tubular structure such as vessels to provide support and prevent collapse

84
Q

Stethoscope

A

Instrument used to listen to sounds within the body

85
Q

Tetralogy if Fallot

A

Congenital malformation of the heart that combines four structural defects; pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic right shift, and right ventricular hypertrophy

86
Q

Thrill

A

Vibration felt on palpation of the chest. Usually caused by turbulence in the heart

87
Q

Thrombus

A

Stationary clot attached to the wall of a vessel

88
Q

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

A

Small hole(s) in the interventricular septum. Causes shunting of the blood and therefore deoxygenated blood is pumped to the rest of the body

89
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Narrowing of a vessel

90
Q

Vasodilation

A

Expansion of a vessel

VETS1005 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions