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Maris anatomy 1 > the urinary system > Flashcards

the urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

functions od kidneys

A
  1. excrete most wasate products of metabolism and
  2. major role in controlling water and electrolyte balance and acid-base balance (homeostasis)
  3. secrete urea
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2
Q

location of kidneys

A

on upper part of post abominal wall between T12 and L3

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3
Q

kidneys are ()peritoneal

A

retroperitoneal

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4
Q

which kidney is lower and why

A

right cause ofliver

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5
Q

what border find hilum

A

medial

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6
Q

major structure of hilum

A

renal vein, renal a, renal pelvis (from anterior to posterior) VAP

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7
Q

anterior relations on right kidney

A

liver, colon, small intestine, duodenum, suprarenal

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8
Q

anterior relations on left kidney

A

suprarenal, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, colon, spleen

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9
Q

posterior relations of kidneys

A

diaphragm, 11th (left kid only) and 12th rib, aponeurosis of transversus abd muscle, quadratus muscle , psoas major, subcoastal n, iliohypogastric n, ilioinguinal n

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10
Q

what are the coverings of the kidneys and what do they do

A

fibrous capsule, perirenal fat, renal fascia,pararenal fat

it support kidneys and hold them in position

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11
Q

renal fascia continuous laterally with

A

fascia transversallis

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12
Q

skinny person is predisposed to

A

nephroptosis

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13
Q

nephroptosis is

A

kidney descends cause nothing holding it up fat not there

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14
Q

what can result after nephroptosis

A

ureter gets obstructed which can lead to renal stones and uti

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15
Q

besides skinny people who else gets nephroptosis

A

atv riders

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16
Q

perirenal fat surrounds

A

capsule

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17
Q

what surrounds perirenal fat

A

renal fascia

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18
Q

what covers fascia

A

pararenal fat

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19
Q

order of coverings superficial to deep

A

pararenal fat, renal fascia, perineal fat, capsule

20
Q

what are the internal structures of kidney

A

cortex, medulla, renal sinus

21
Q

whats in cortex

A

renal columns

22
Q

whats in medulla

A

renal pyramids

23
Q

the apex/papilla of pyramids projects towards

A

renal sinus

24
Q

whats in renal sinus

A 
branches of renal artery
tributaries of renal v
autonomic nerves
lymphatic vessels
calyces (minor and major)
renal pelvis
adipose tissue
25
Q

whats found between renal pyramids

A

renal columns which are exntensions of renal cortex

26
Q

where find collecting tubules/ducts

A

in pyramids

27
Q

why does pyramids look striated

A

collecting tubules

28
Q

what receives the apex

A

minor calyx

29
Q

2-3 minor calyx units form

A

major calyx

30
Q

order of pee made

A

cortex > medulla > pyramids >apexminor > major > renal pelvis > ureter

31
Q

what is the renal sinus

A

space usually filled with fat and where the blood is

32
Q

what is the opening of the sinus called

A

hilum

33
Q

blood supply of the kidneys in order

A

renal artery > segmental arteries > loar arteries > arcuate arteries >interlobular arteries

34
Q

nerve supply of kidney

A

renal sympathetic plexus

also vagus preg para,

lesser, least, lumbar splanchnic (l1) makes renal pelvis

35
Q

what fibers does the renal sympathetic plexus have (similar to celiac plexus)

A

gva, preg para, post symp and ends of preg symp cause some fibers come to suprarenal gland

36
Q

where dose the gva fibers of renal plexus travel through

A

spinal cord in the 10th, 11th, and 12th thoracic nerves

37
Q

what is the referred pain pattern of kidney

A

along t12 dermatome so loin to the groin (line to groin)

38
Q

ureters extend from

A

kidney to urinary bladder

39
Q

course of ureters

A
  1. downward posterior to parietal peritoneum and anterior to psoas
  2. passes anterior to bifurcatio of common iliac artery to enter pelvis
  3. runs down on lateral pelvic wall to level of ischial spine in pelvic cavity
  4. turns forward to terminate in urinary bladder
40
Q

what are teh constrictions of the ureters

A
  1. ureterolpelvic junction: where renal pelvis joins ureter
  2. as it crosses pelvic brim
  3. where it pierces bladder wall: prevents backflow
41
Q

what is the importance of constrictions

A

where can get stones stuck

42
Q

retrograde flow

A

Backwards flow of urine to ureters

43
Q

blood supply of upper portion of ureter

A

renal arteries

44
Q

blood supply of middle portion of ureter

A

testicular/ovarian/gonadal arteries

45
Q

blood supply of lower portion of ureters

A

superior vesical

46
Q

nerve supply of ureters

A

renal, testicular/ovarian ,and hypogastric plexuses

Maris anatomy 1 (18 decks)

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