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Maris anatomy 1 > suprarenal gland > Flashcards

suprarenal gland Flashcards

1
Q

suprarenal gland is a () gland that secretes into ()

A

ductless endocrine gland, into blood stream

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2
Q

where is the suprarenal gland

A

superomedially on pole of each kidney

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3
Q

supra gland is ()peritoneal

A

retroperitoneal

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4
Q

supra gland has capsule of

A

perinephric fascia

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5
Q

two layers of supra gland

A

cortex, medulla

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6
Q

shape of right gland

A

pyramidal

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7
Q

shape of left gland

A

crescentic

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8
Q

what are the layers of the cortex of supra gland

A

zona glomerulosa, z fasciculata, z reticularis

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9
Q

what does z glomerulosa secrete and example

A

mineralocorticoids ex: aldosterone

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10
Q

what does aldosterone do

A

acts on kidneys by increasing renal reabsorption of sodium so maintains water and electrolyte balance (conserve sodium)

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11
Q

what does z fasciculata secrete and ex

A

glucocorticoids ex: cortisol

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12
Q

what does cortisol do

A

moblizes carbs and fats
increase blood glucose levels cause it converts glycogen to glucose

it favors gluconeogensis

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13
Q

what is gluconeogensis

A

production of glucose from proteins and fats

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14
Q

what does z reticularis secrete and ex

A

sex hormones ex: androgen and estrogen

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15
Q

estrogen is degraded by the () and () overrides it so thats why men get ()

A

liver, testosterone, gynocomastia

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16
Q

why women get mustach after menopause

A

cause they have less estrogen and liver is degrading it

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17
Q

medulla secertes and example

A

catecholamines ex: norepinephrine and epinepherine

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18
Q

sympathoneumatic whats part of it

A

sympathetic responses from norepinephrine and epinephrine

mimics mind

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19
Q

what happens when get heart transplant and excercise

A

nerve supply cut off, rely on nodes, if excercise get increased heart rate and itll take long time to slow down cuase hormones goin to blood not immediate like nerves

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20
Q

blood supply of the supra glands

A

superior suprarenal a, middle suprarenal , inferior suprarenal a

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21
Q

the superior suprarenal a is a branch of the

A

inferior phrenic

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22
Q

the middle suprarenal a branch of

A

abdominal aorta

23
Q

the inferior suprarenal a is branch of

A

renal a

24
Q

veinous drainage of supra gl

A

right suprarenal vein, left suprarenal v (only one pair of v)

25
Q

the right suprarenal v drains into

A

IVC

26
Q

theleft suprarenal v drains into

A

left renal v

27
Q

lymph of suprarenal gland drains into

A

para-aortic lymph nodes (nexts to aorta)

28
Q

why does the left suprarenal v drain into the left renal v

A

cause ivc is more on the right side

29
Q

nerve supply of the suprarenal gland medulla

A

abdominopelic lesser, least (t10-L1) splanchnic fibers (preg symp)

30
Q

nerve supply of supra gland cortex

A

vasomotor nerve (also symp) by following blood vessels

31
Q

adrenal medulla cells are

A

modified post g symp neurons (they dont have axons or dendrites) and stimulated to produce neuroepin and epin

32
Q

preg para and symp both secrete

A

acetylocholine

33
Q

post gang symp secretes

A

epinepherine

34
Q

post gang para secretes

A

acetylcholine

35
Q

some nerves go directly to the () and dont synapse at the ganglion

A

adrenall medulla

36
Q

aldosteronism

A

increased secretion of aldosterone either from atumor of adrenal gland or pituitary gland producing too much acth

37
Q

acth tells glands to secrete more

A

aldosterone

38
Q

2 kinds aof aldosteronism

A

primary and secondary aldosteronism

39
Q

what is primary aldosteronism

A

where problem occurs within adrenal cortex (like a tumor)

40
Q

what is secondary aldosteronism

A

where problem is from pituitary gland and produces too much acth tha affects adrenal cortex

41
Q

what does acth stand for

A

adrenalcorticotropic hormone

42
Q

what happens with aldosteronism when have increase aldosterone secretion

A
  1. increased sodium retention and postassium excretion

2. that leads to hypertension and decreased muscle and neuron response to stimulation

43
Q

what does aldosterone affects

A

renal tubules so sodium is more absorbed (hypertension) and potassium excreted (decreased muscle responses) to maintain electroneutrality

44
Q

what does the doc tell patient to do with aldosteronism

A

they are taking diuretics and to start eating bananas cause feel weak

45
Q

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

androgens too much in unborn child affecting external genitallia

46
Q

what happens to agirl baby that has cah

A

clit enlarges to be like a penis and labia majora closes also hirutism, baldness, androgenic flush, small breasts, male escutcheon

47
Q

hirsutism is

A

increase facial hair/body hair

48
Q

androgenic flush

A

redness of skin

49
Q

male escutcheon

A

happy tail

50
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

hypersecretion of glucocorticoids

51
Q

what does hypersection of glucocorticoids mean

A

increased blood sugar level so it increase fat deposit

52
Q

affects of cushing’s

A

moon face, buffalo hump (fat on back), pendulous abdomen, striae (stretch marks), poor wound healing (glucose acts as good culture for bacteria), poor muscle development (cause muscle protein is converted to sugar leading to muscle atrophy), decreased life span

53
Q

addison’s disease is

A

decreased secretion of glucocorticoids

54
Q

what is the affects of addison’s disease

A

hyperpigmentation because glucocorticoids level sends asignal to gland to produce more acth which has affect of melanin production

Maris anatomy 1 (18 decks)

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