anterior abdominal wall Flashcards
anterior ab wall
1
Q
where is transpyloric plane found
A
horizontal midway b/w jugular notch and symphysis pubis, also passes through body of L1
2
Q
where is the subcostal plane
A
horizontal plane, lowest portion of costal margin, L3 body
3
Q
supracristal plane
A
highest portion of iliace crest, L4 body upper border
4
Q
intertubercular plane
A
transverse plane through Land R tubercles, L5 body
5
Q
another def of intertubecular plane
A
midway between transpyloric and symphsis pubis
6
Q
whats behind the pyloris of the stomach
A
pancreas
7
Q
how map
A
make r and l midclavicular lines, then subcostal plane, transbercular plane/intertubercular plane
8
Q
left flank aka
A
lumbar region
9
Q
left goin aka
A
iliac region/inguinal region
10
Q
pubic region aka
A
hypogastric region
11
Q
lines for quadrant system
A
vert line through umbilicus and other line umbilicus
12
Q
RUQ organs
A
liver right lobe, gallblad, stomach pyloris, duodenum 1-3, pancreas head, right suprarenal gland, r kidney, r colic/hepatic flexure, ascending colon superior part, transverse colon right half
13
Q
RLQ organs
A
cecum, appendix, most of ileum, ascending colon inferior part, right ovary, r uterine tube, r ureter abd portion, r spermatic cord abd portion, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full
14
Q
LUQ organs
A
liver l lobe, spleen, stomach, jejunum and proximal ileum, pancreas body and tail, l kid, l suprarenal g, l colic splenic flexure, transverse colon l half, descending colon superior part
15
Q
LLQ organs
A
sigmoid colon, descending colon inferior part, l ovary, l uterine tube, l ureter abd part, spermatic cord abd part, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full
16
Q
how locate mcburneys pt
A
imaginary line from umbilicus to R ASIS, subdivide into 3 parts, the junction b/w meadial 2/3 and lat 1/3
17
Q
murpheys pt how locate
A
r costal margin and R midclavicular line intersection
18
Q
what is murphey’s pt for
A
location of gallbladder (fundus)
19
Q
what if u have pain in murpheys pt
A
gallbladder disease
20
Q
what is located at mcburneys pt
A
apendix
21
Q
if have pain at mcburneys pt
A
appendicits
22
Q
left flank aka
A
lumbar region
23
Q
left goin aka
A
iliac region/inguinal region
24
Q
pubic region aka
A
hypogastric region
25
lines for quadrant system
vert line through umbilicus and other line umbilicus
26
RUQ organs
liver right lobe, gallblad, stomach pyloris, duodenum 1-3, pancreas head, right suprarenal gland, r kidney, r colic/hepatic flexure, ascending colon superior part, transverse colon right half
27
RLQ organs
cecum, appendix, most of ileum, ascending colon inferior part, right ovary, r uterine tube, r ureter abd portion, r spermatic cord abd portion, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full
28
LUQ organs
liver l lobe, spleen, stomach, jejunum and proximal ileum, pancreas body and tail, l kid, l suprarenal g, l colic splenic flexure, transverse colon l half, descending colon superior part
29
LLQ organs
sigmoid colon, descending colon inferior part, l ovary, l uterine tube, l ureter abd part, spermatic cord abd part, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full
30
how locate mcburneys pt
imaginary line from umbilicus to R ASIS, subdivide into 3 parts, the junction b/w meadial 2/3 and lat 1/3
31
murpheys pt how locate
r costal margin and R midclavicular line intersection
32
what is murphey's pt for
location of gallbladder (fundus)
33
what if u have pain in murpheys pt
gallbladder disease
34
what is located at mcburneys pt
apendix
35
if have pain at mcburneys pt
appendicits
36
apidectomy
cut at mcburneys pt
37
if you were cutting side of ant abd wall what layers go through
skin, campers, scarpas, ext obliq, int obli, transversus abdominis, transversalis, extraperitoneal/subserous, parietal peritoneum
38
what should thinka bout with campers fascia
fat when u camp
39
what think about with scarpas fascia
descent of testes
40
if cut middle of wall
skin, superficial laryer (campers then scarpas), linea alba, transversalis, extraperitoneal/subserious fascia, parietal peritoneum
41
scrotum is derived from
layers of abd
42
where orignally find testes in baby
posterior abdominal wall
43
inguinal ligament formed by
infolding/rolling of external oblique aponeurosis
44
attachments of inguinal lig
asis to pubic tubercle
45
medial opening is the
superficial inguinal ring
46
what goes through the superficial inguinal ring
spermatic cord
47
what can you check for with the medial opening
hernias by inserting finger in there and base of penis
48
origin of external abd obl
lower 8 ribs
49
insert of ext abd ob
lateral lip of iliac crest, aponeurosis ending in linea alba
50
direction of fibers of ext ob
hands in pocket
51
3 origina of internal abd ob
thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lat 2/3 of inguinal lig
52
4 insertion of int abd ob
inferioir boder of lower 3-4 ribs, aponeurosis ending in linea alba, pubic crest and pectineal line
53
4 origin of transcersus abdominis
thoracolumbar fascia, medial lip of liac crest, lateral 1/3 of inguinal lig costal cartilages of lower 6 ribs
54
3 insertion of trasnversus abdominis
aponeurosis ending in linea alaba, pubic crest, pectineal line
55
3 origin rectus abdominis
pubic crest pubic tubercle pubic symphysis
56
insertion of rec abd
costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
57
2 orig of pyramidalis
front of pubis and pub symphysis
58
insertion of pyramidalis
linea alba
59
what muscle u dont see in all peoples
pyramidalis
60
where find pyramidails
in front of rec abd, lower part, looks like a pyramid on either side
61
fundiform ligament find where
from the mambranous layer of superficial fascia extending from symphis pubis to linea alba
62
suspensory ligament from
deep fascia extending from symphysis pubis to base penis or clitoris
63
what ligament do you cut ot get a bigger penis
suspensory ligament
64
what are the functions of the ant abd wall
like a coursette, supports abdominal viscera, respiration (ext, int, thor obl cause diapragm to go up)
65
valsalva meanuver
contract muscles to icnrease intraabd pressure to help evacuate poop pee baby
66
why arcuate line end
cause all the aponeurosis goes anterior to rectus abd
67
what do u see in body builders
semilunar line: lateral border of rectus abdominus
68
cross section of abd above umbilicus looks like
aponeurosis of external obique goes in front of rec, apon of internal breaks into two so in front and behind, transverse goes posterior to rec
69
anterior rectal sheath made of (above umbilicus)
apon of external obliq and outer lamina of internal obliq apon
70
posterior rectal sheath (above umbili) made of
inner lamina of internal abd obliq and apon of transverse abdominus
71
below umbilicus there is NO
posterior rectal sheath
72
arcuate line represents
the inferior edge of posterior rectal sheath, found middway b/w umbilicus nad symp pub
73
below the arcuate line is just
transversalis fascia
74
linea alba represents
the diffusion of all aponeuorisis
75
functions (specific to slides) of ant abd muscles
support fo anterolate abd wall, support abd viscera and protect form injuries, compress abd contents for intra-abd pressure oppose diapgrahm to facilitate expulsion, move trunk, maintain posture
76
what happens if have increase tonicity of rect abd
posterior tilit
77
what happens when have decreased rect ad and hyper lordosis and tight hams
anterior tilit
78
where does arcuate line end
between ulbilicus and symp pubis
79
thoracoadb nerves T -
T7-11
80
illiohypogastric nerve
L1
81
illioguinal nerve
L1
82
thoracoabdominal nerves T7-11 origin
continuation of lower intercost nerves
83
course of thoracoabd nerves t7-11
run between 2nd and 3rd layers of abdominal muscles
84
distribution of thoracoabd nerves t7-11
muscels and overlying skin
85
origin 7-9th lateral cutaneous branches
from T7-9 intercostal nerves
86
course of 7-9 lat cut branches
contiues across costal margin in subcutaneous tissue
87
distribution of 7-9 lateral cut branches
skin of right and left hypochondriac regions
88
origiin of subcostal t12
spinal nerve t12
89
course of subcostal nerve 12
runs along inferior of rib 12
90
distribution of subcostal 12
muscles and overlying skin superior to iliac crest and inferior to umbilica
91
origin of iliohypogastric L1
upper branch of ventral ramus of L1
92
course of iliohypogastric L1
pierces transverusus abd above iliac crest
93
distribution of iliohypogastric L1
skin overlying iliac crest, upper inguinal, and hypogastric regions, internal oblique and transversus abd
94
origin of ilioinguinal L1
lower branches of ventral ramus of L1
95
course of ilioinguinal L1
passes between 2-3rd layer of abd musclse, then passes through the inguinal canal
96
distributio of ilioguinal Lq1
skin oflower inguinal region, mon pubis anterior scrotum or labia majus and adjacent medila tigh, inferiormost internal oblique and tranvsersus aabdominis
97
umbilical folds are
peritoneal folds located in hte internal surface of the anterior abd wall
98
median umbilical fold runs
runs superiorly from the apex of the bladder to tthe umbilicus
99
median umbilical fold is formed
by the undlerlying median umblical lig
100
the median umbilical ligament is a remnant of
urachus
101
urachus connects the
umbilicus to urinary bladder
102
what artery is just posterior to the rec abd
sup and inf epigastric a
103
umbilical arteries becomes
ligaments: medial umbilical ligaments aand obliterated umbilical a
104
the median umbilical fold is a remnant of the urachus during
development of urinary bladder
105
sometimes urachus doenst close and this happens
urine lekas out of umbilicus
106
lateral umilical fold is formed by
inferior epigastric vessels
107
inferior epigastric vessels rare a brnach of the
external iliac atery
108
what goes over the lateral umbilical fold
parietal pleura
109
hte inferior epigastric artery anastomes with
superior epigastric a
110
the superioir epigastric a is a breanch of the
internal thoracic
111
inferioir epigastric vein drains into
iliac vein
112
the iliac vein makes an indirect connection wtih both the
supe and infer vena cava
113
medial umbilical fold pass
from the pelvis to the umbilicus
114
the medial umilicus folds cover
underlying medial umbilicla ligaments
115
the medial umbilical ligaments are remnants of the
obliterated umbilical arteries
116
lateral umbilical folds overlie
inferior epigastric vessels which enter the rectus sheat
117
what is more prominent in males
ilnguinal canal
118
for females what passes through the inguinal region
round tube of uterus
119
the inguinal canal is an oblique passage how long
4cm or 1 1/2 inches long trhough the inferior part of the ant abd wall
120
has two openings called the inguinal canal has
superficial inguinal ring and deep inguinal ring
121
the inguinal canal is just above
inguinal lig
122
where is the superficial inguinal ring
in aponeurosis of the xternal abd obliq muscle
123
superficial ring aka
external inguinal ring
124
deep inguinal ring is opening in
transversalis fascia
125
deep inguinal ring is covered by
perital peritoneu,
126
floor of inguinal canal
inguinal ligament nad lacunar and ttansversus abdominis muscles
127
roof of inguinal canal
arching fiber of internal oblique transversus abdominus msucles
128
the inguinal canal is just above
inguinal lig
129
where is the superficial inguinal ring
in aponeurosis of the xternal abd obliq muscle
130
superficial ring aka
external inguinal ring
131
deep inguinal ring is opening in
transversalis fascia
132
deep inguinal ring is covered by
perital peritoneu,
133
floor of inguinal canal
inguinal ligament nad lacunar lig
134
roof of inguinal canal
arching fiber of internal oblique transversus abdominus msucles
135
anterioir wall of inguinal canal
aponeurosis of external abd obl muscle, reinforced laterally by internal oblieu
136
posterior wall of inginal canal
transversalis fascia, reinforced medially by conjoint tendon
137
function of inguinal canal
allows structures of spermatic cord to pass and form testeis, permis passage of round ligament of uterus, transmits ilioinguinal nerve
138
ilioinuinal nerve is derived from spinal nerve
L1
139
testes and ovaries are from what embryolgical layer
intermediat mesoder
140
where do teh testes and ovaries sit in a fetus
posterior abdominal wall
141
ovaries descend toward
pelvic cavity
142
testes descend
scrotum
143
scrotum is layers of
anterior abdominal wall
144
parietal peritoneum begins to evaginate and makes a canal called
prosaguess vaginalis
145
after birth, vaginalis should close leaving behind a portion cavity found on ( ) aspect of test tunica vaginals tests????
anterior
146
contents of spermatic cord
vas deferens, testicular, deferential and cremasteric a, pampiniform plexus of veins, genital branch of gentiofemoral nerve, autonomic and sensory nerves, lymp vessels, remnants of processus vaginalis
147
what is anterior to testes
tunica cavity
148
what is the testicular vein
pampiniform plexus of veins
149
the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve is branch of
lumbar plexus, L1 and L2
150
what suspends teh testis in teh scrotum
spermatic cord
151
where does spermatic cord begin and end
b: deep inguinal ring e: posterior border of testis
152
3 layers of spermatic cord (covers testes)
external spermatic, cremastaeric, internal spermatic layers
153
what covers spermatic cord itself
external spermatic fascia
154
sperm cord: layer abd skin = (in sperm cord)
skin
155
abd wall layer: superficial fascia =
colle's fascia and dartos fascia muscle
156
external oblie muscle layer =
external spermatic fascia
157
internal oblique muscle layer =
cremasteric fascia and muscle
158
transversus abdominis muscle layer =
none
159
transversalis fascia =
internal spermatic fascia
160
extraperitoneal fat =
extraperitoneal fat
161
parietal peritoneum =
tunica vaginalis
162
what 3 coverings for for SCROTUM
skin, colle's fascia, dartos muscle
163
what two things together become known as the colles fascia
camper's and scarpas fascia
164
what fasica does not go all the way down to scrotum
campers
165
what makes scrotum wrinkly, contracts scrotum when cold and sex
dartos muscle
166
cremasteric reflex
contracts scrotum up, touch inner thing, checks L1
167
direct inguinal hernia common in what population
elderly
168
indirect inguinal hernia commin in what population
male children
169
why get direct inguinal hernia
weak anterior abd wall muscles
170
why get indirect inguinal hernia
patency congenital of processsus vaginalis
171
how do you know if its indirect
protrusion is found lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, goes through spermatic cord and enters the inguinal canal (indirect)
172
how know if its direct
protrusion is thorugh the inguinal triangle/hasselbach, found medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, bulges through inguinal triangle
173
how test clinically for physical exam
put finger into superficial inguinal ring, ask patient to cough, if feel protrusion on tip of finger = indirect, side of finger = direct
174
boundaries of inguinal triangle
medially: redctus abd inferiorly: inguinal ligament laterally: epigastric vessels
175
direct inguinal hernia common in what population
elderly
176
indirect inguinal hernia commin in what population
male children
177
why get direct inguinal hernia
weak anterior abd wall muscles
178
why get indirect inguinal hernia
patency congenital of processsus vaginalis
179
how do you know if its indirect
protrusion is found lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, goes through spermatic cord and enters the inguinal canal (indirect)
180
how know if its direct
protrusion is thorugh the inguinal triangle/hasselbach, found medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, bulges through inguinal triangle
181
how test clinically for physical exam
put finger into superficial inguinal ring, ask patient to cough, if feel protrusion on tip of finger = indirect, side of finger = direct
182
boundaries of inguinal triangle
medially: redctus abd inferiorly: inguinal ligament laterally: epigastric vessels
183
femoral hernia
most common found in women, goes through femoral ring instead of inguinal, found in lower groin also
184
other types of hernias
femoral hernia, epigastric hernia, paraumbilical hernia, separation of the recti abdominis, incisional hrenia, congenital or acquired infantile umbilical hernia
185
incisional hernia
from operations and incisions didnt properly heal
186
what can be injured when a mcburney inciison is done
anterior cutaneous branches get cut so get decreased sensation there T11 and 12
187
what vascular structure can be damaged when using a pfannenstiel incision to open abd
inferior epigastric vessels
188
cremasteric reflex order
touch medial aspect of thing > sensory ilioinguinal nerve > L1 > motor genital branch of genital femoral nerve > cremasteric muscle innervated
