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Maris anatomy 1 > anterior abdominal wall > Flashcards

anterior abdominal wall Flashcards

anterior ab wall

1
Q

where is transpyloric plane found

A

horizontal midway b/w jugular notch and symphysis pubis, also passes through body of L1

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2
Q

where is the subcostal plane

A

horizontal plane, lowest portion of costal margin, L3 body

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3
Q

supracristal plane

A

highest portion of iliace crest, L4 body upper border

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4
Q

intertubercular plane

A

transverse plane through Land R tubercles, L5 body

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5
Q

another def of intertubecular plane

A

midway between transpyloric and symphsis pubis

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6
Q

whats behind the pyloris of the stomach

A

pancreas

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7
Q

how map

A

make r and l midclavicular lines, then subcostal plane, transbercular plane/intertubercular plane

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8
Q

left flank aka

A

lumbar region

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9
Q

left goin aka

A

iliac region/inguinal region

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10
Q

pubic region aka

A

hypogastric region

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11
Q

lines for quadrant system

A

vert line through umbilicus and other line umbilicus

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12
Q

RUQ organs

A

liver right lobe, gallblad, stomach pyloris, duodenum 1-3, pancreas head, right suprarenal gland, r kidney, r colic/hepatic flexure, ascending colon superior part, transverse colon right half

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13
Q

RLQ organs

A

cecum, appendix, most of ileum, ascending colon inferior part, right ovary, r uterine tube, r ureter abd portion, r spermatic cord abd portion, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full

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14
Q

LUQ organs

A

liver l lobe, spleen, stomach, jejunum and proximal ileum, pancreas body and tail, l kid, l suprarenal g, l colic splenic flexure, transverse colon l half, descending colon superior part

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15
Q

LLQ organs

A

sigmoid colon, descending colon inferior part, l ovary, l uterine tube, l ureter abd part, spermatic cord abd part, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full

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16
Q

how locate mcburneys pt

A

imaginary line from umbilicus to R ASIS, subdivide into 3 parts, the junction b/w meadial 2/3 and lat 1/3

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17
Q

murpheys pt how locate

A

r costal margin and R midclavicular line intersection

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18
Q

what is murphey’s pt for

A

location of gallbladder (fundus)

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19
Q

what if u have pain in murpheys pt

A

gallbladder disease

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20
Q

what is located at mcburneys pt

A

apendix

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21
Q

if have pain at mcburneys pt

A

appendicits

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22
Q

left flank aka

A

lumbar region

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23
Q

left goin aka

A

iliac region/inguinal region

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24
Q

pubic region aka

A

hypogastric region

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25
Q

lines for quadrant system

A

vert line through umbilicus and other line umbilicus

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26
Q

RUQ organs

A

liver right lobe, gallblad, stomach pyloris, duodenum 1-3, pancreas head, right suprarenal gland, r kidney, r colic/hepatic flexure, ascending colon superior part, transverse colon right half

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27
Q

RLQ organs

A

cecum, appendix, most of ileum, ascending colon inferior part, right ovary, r uterine tube, r ureter abd portion, r spermatic cord abd portion, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full

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28
Q

LUQ organs

A

liver l lobe, spleen, stomach, jejunum and proximal ileum, pancreas body and tail, l kid, l suprarenal g, l colic splenic flexure, transverse colon l half, descending colon superior part

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29
Q

LLQ organs

A

sigmoid colon, descending colon inferior part, l ovary, l uterine tube, l ureter abd part, spermatic cord abd part, uterus if enlarged, urinary bladder if full

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30
Q

how locate mcburneys pt

A

imaginary line from umbilicus to R ASIS, subdivide into 3 parts, the junction b/w meadial 2/3 and lat 1/3

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31
Q

murpheys pt how locate

A

r costal margin and R midclavicular line intersection

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32
Q

what is murphey’s pt for

A

location of gallbladder (fundus)

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33
Q

what if u have pain in murpheys pt

A

gallbladder disease

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34
Q

what is located at mcburneys pt

A

apendix

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35
Q

if have pain at mcburneys pt

A

appendicits

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36
Q

apidectomy

A

cut at mcburneys pt

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37
Q

if you were cutting side of ant abd wall what layers go through

A

skin, campers, scarpas, ext obliq, int obli, transversus abdominis, transversalis, extraperitoneal/subserous, parietal peritoneum

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38
Q

what should thinka bout with campers fascia

A

fat when u camp

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39
Q

what think about with scarpas fascia

A

descent of testes

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40
Q

if cut middle of wall

A

skin, superficial laryer (campers then scarpas), linea alba, transversalis, extraperitoneal/subserious fascia, parietal peritoneum

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41
Q

scrotum is derived from

A

layers of abd

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42
Q

where orignally find testes in baby

A

posterior abdominal wall

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43
Q

inguinal ligament formed by

A

infolding/rolling of external oblique aponeurosis

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44
Q

attachments of inguinal lig

A

asis to pubic tubercle

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45
Q

medial opening is the

A

superficial inguinal ring

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46
Q

what goes through the superficial inguinal ring

A

spermatic cord

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47
Q

what can you check for with the medial opening

A

hernias by inserting finger in there and base of penis

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48
Q

origin of external abd obl

A

lower 8 ribs

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49
Q

insert of ext abd ob

A

lateral lip of iliac crest, aponeurosis ending in linea alba

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50
Q

direction of fibers of ext ob

A

hands in pocket

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51
Q

3 origina of internal abd ob

A

thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lat 2/3 of inguinal lig

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52
Q

4 insertion of int abd ob

A

inferioir boder of lower 3-4 ribs, aponeurosis ending in linea alba, pubic crest and pectineal line

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53
Q

4 origin of transcersus abdominis

A

thoracolumbar fascia, medial lip of liac crest, lateral 1/3 of inguinal lig costal cartilages of lower 6 ribs

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54
Q

3 insertion of trasnversus abdominis

A

aponeurosis ending in linea alaba, pubic crest, pectineal line

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55
Q

3 origin rectus abdominis

A

pubic crest pubic tubercle pubic symphysis

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56
Q

insertion of rec abd

A

costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

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57
Q

2 orig of pyramidalis

A

front of pubis and pub symphysis

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58
Q

insertion of pyramidalis

A

linea alba

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59
Q

what muscle u dont see in all peoples

A

pyramidalis

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60
Q

where find pyramidails

A

in front of rec abd, lower part, looks like a pyramid on either side

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61
Q

fundiform ligament find where

A

from the mambranous layer of superficial fascia extending from symphis pubis to linea alba

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62
Q

suspensory ligament from

A

deep fascia extending from symphysis pubis to base penis or clitoris

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63
Q

what ligament do you cut ot get a bigger penis

A

suspensory ligament

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64
Q

what are the functions of the ant abd wall

A

like a coursette, supports abdominal viscera, respiration (ext, int, thor obl cause diapragm to go up)

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65
Q

valsalva meanuver

A

contract muscles to icnrease intraabd pressure to help evacuate poop pee baby

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66
Q

why arcuate line end

A

cause all the aponeurosis goes anterior to rectus abd

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67
Q

what do u see in body builders

A

semilunar line: lateral border of rectus abdominus

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68
Q

cross section of abd above umbilicus looks like

A

aponeurosis of external obique goes in front of rec, apon of internal breaks into two so in front and behind, transverse goes posterior to rec

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69
Q

anterior rectal sheath made of (above umbilicus)

A

apon of external obliq and outer lamina of internal obliq apon

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70
Q

posterior rectal sheath (above umbili) made of

A

inner lamina of internal abd obliq and apon of transverse abdominus

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71
Q

below umbilicus there is NO

A

posterior rectal sheath

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72
Q

arcuate line represents

A

the inferior edge of posterior rectal sheath, found middway b/w umbilicus nad symp pub

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73
Q

below the arcuate line is just

A

transversalis fascia

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74
Q

linea alba represents

A

the diffusion of all aponeuorisis

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75
Q

functions (specific to slides) of ant abd muscles

A

support fo anterolate abd wall, support abd viscera and protect form injuries, compress abd contents for intra-abd pressure oppose diapgrahm to facilitate expulsion, move trunk, maintain posture

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76
Q

what happens if have increase tonicity of rect abd

A

posterior tilit

77
Q

what happens when have decreased rect ad and hyper lordosis and tight hams

A

anterior tilit

78
Q

where does arcuate line end

A

between ulbilicus and symp pubis

79
Q

thoracoadb nerves T -

A

T7-11

80
Q

illiohypogastric nerve

A

L1

81
Q

illioguinal nerve

A

L1

82
Q

thoracoabdominal nerves T7-11 origin

A

continuation of lower intercost nerves

83
Q

course of thoracoabd nerves t7-11

A

run between 2nd and 3rd layers of abdominal muscles

84
Q

distribution of thoracoabd nerves t7-11

A

muscels and overlying skin

85
Q

origin 7-9th lateral cutaneous branches

A

from T7-9 intercostal nerves

86
Q

course of 7-9 lat cut branches

A

contiues across costal margin in subcutaneous tissue

87
Q

distribution of 7-9 lateral cut branches

A

skin of right and left hypochondriac regions

88
Q

origiin of subcostal t12

A

spinal nerve t12

89
Q

course of subcostal nerve 12

A

runs along inferior of rib 12

90
Q

distribution of subcostal 12

A

muscles and overlying skin superior to iliac crest and inferior to umbilica

91
Q

origin of iliohypogastric L1

A

upper branch of ventral ramus of L1

92
Q

course of iliohypogastric L1

A

pierces transverusus abd above iliac crest

93
Q

distribution of iliohypogastric L1

A

skin overlying iliac crest, upper inguinal, and hypogastric regions, internal oblique and transversus abd

94
Q

origin of ilioinguinal L1

A

lower branches of ventral ramus of L1

95
Q

course of ilioinguinal L1

A

passes between 2-3rd layer of abd musclse, then passes through the inguinal canal

96
Q

distributio of ilioguinal Lq1

A

skin oflower inguinal region, mon pubis anterior scrotum or labia majus and adjacent medila tigh, inferiormost internal oblique and tranvsersus aabdominis

97
Q

umbilical folds are

A

peritoneal folds located in hte internal surface of the anterior abd wall

98
Q

median umbilical fold runs

A

runs superiorly from the apex of the bladder to tthe umbilicus

99
Q

median umbilical fold is formed

A

by the undlerlying median umblical lig

100
Q

the median umbilical ligament is a remnant of

A

urachus

101
Q

urachus connects the

A

umbilicus to urinary bladder

102
Q

what artery is just posterior to the rec abd

A

sup and inf epigastric a

103
Q

umbilical arteries becomes

A

ligaments: medial umbilical ligaments aand obliterated umbilical a

104
Q

the median umbilical fold is a remnant of the urachus during

A

development of urinary bladder

105
Q

sometimes urachus doenst close and this happens

A

urine lekas out of umbilicus

106
Q

lateral umilical fold is formed by

A

inferior epigastric vessels

107
Q

inferior epigastric vessels rare a brnach of the

A

external iliac atery

108
Q

what goes over the lateral umbilical fold

A

parietal pleura

109
Q

hte inferior epigastric artery anastomes with

A

superior epigastric a

110
Q

the superioir epigastric a is a breanch of the

A

internal thoracic

111
Q

inferioir epigastric vein drains into

A

iliac vein

112
Q

the iliac vein makes an indirect connection wtih both the

A

supe and infer vena cava

113
Q

medial umbilical fold pass

A

from the pelvis to the umbilicus

114
Q

the medial umilicus folds cover

A

underlying medial umbilicla ligaments

115
Q

the medial umbilical ligaments are remnants of the

A

obliterated umbilical arteries

116
Q

lateral umbilical folds overlie

A

inferior epigastric vessels which enter the rectus sheat

117
Q

what is more prominent in males

A

ilnguinal canal

118
Q

for females what passes through the inguinal region

A

round tube of uterus

119
Q

the inguinal canal is an oblique passage how long

A

4cm or 1 1/2 inches long trhough the inferior part of the ant abd wall

120
Q

has two openings called the inguinal canal has

A

superficial inguinal ring and deep inguinal ring

121
Q

the inguinal canal is just above

A

inguinal lig

122
Q

where is the superficial inguinal ring

A

in aponeurosis of the xternal abd obliq muscle

123
Q

superficial ring aka

A

external inguinal ring

124
Q

deep inguinal ring is opening in

A

transversalis fascia

125
Q

deep inguinal ring is covered by

A

perital peritoneu,

126
Q

floor of inguinal canal

A

inguinal ligament nad lacunar and ttansversus abdominis muscles

127
Q

roof of inguinal canal

A

arching fiber of internal oblique transversus abdominus msucles

128
Q

the inguinal canal is just above

A

inguinal lig

129
Q

where is the superficial inguinal ring

A

in aponeurosis of the xternal abd obliq muscle

130
Q

superficial ring aka

A

external inguinal ring

131
Q

deep inguinal ring is opening in

A

transversalis fascia

132
Q

deep inguinal ring is covered by

A

perital peritoneu,

133
Q

floor of inguinal canal

A

inguinal ligament nad lacunar lig

134
Q

roof of inguinal canal

A

arching fiber of internal oblique transversus abdominus msucles

135
Q

anterioir wall of inguinal canal

A

aponeurosis of external abd obl muscle, reinforced laterally by internal oblieu

136
Q

posterior wall of inginal canal

A

transversalis fascia, reinforced medially by conjoint tendon

137
Q

function of inguinal canal

A

allows structures of spermatic cord to pass and form testeis, permis passage of round ligament of uterus, transmits ilioinguinal nerve

138
Q

ilioinuinal nerve is derived from spinal nerve

A

L1

139
Q

testes and ovaries are from what embryolgical layer

A

intermediat mesoder

140
Q

where do teh testes and ovaries sit in a fetus

A

posterior abdominal wall

141
Q

ovaries descend toward

A

pelvic cavity

142
Q

testes descend

A

scrotum

143
Q

scrotum is layers of

A

anterior abdominal wall

144
Q

parietal peritoneum begins to evaginate and makes a canal called

A

prosaguess vaginalis

145
Q

after birth, vaginalis should close leaving behind a portion cavity found on ( ) aspect of test tunica vaginals tests????

A

anterior

146
Q

contents of spermatic cord

A

vas deferens, testicular, deferential and cremasteric a, pampiniform plexus of veins, genital branch of gentiofemoral nerve, autonomic and sensory nerves, lymp vessels, remnants of processus vaginalis

147
Q

what is anterior to testes

A

tunica cavity

148
Q

what is the testicular vein

A

pampiniform plexus of veins

149
Q

the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve is branch of

A

lumbar plexus, L1 and L2

150
Q

what suspends teh testis in teh scrotum

A

spermatic cord

151
Q

where does spermatic cord begin and end

A

b: deep inguinal ring e: posterior border of testis

152
Q

3 layers of spermatic cord (covers testes)

A

external spermatic, cremastaeric, internal spermatic layers

153
Q

what covers spermatic cord itself

A

external spermatic fascia

154
Q

sperm cord: layer abd skin = (in sperm cord)

A

skin

155
Q

abd wall layer: superficial fascia =

A

colle’s fascia and dartos fascia muscle

156
Q

external oblie muscle layer =

A

external spermatic fascia

157
Q

internal oblique muscle layer =

A

cremasteric fascia and muscle

158
Q

transversus abdominis muscle layer =

A

none

159
Q

transversalis fascia =

A

internal spermatic fascia

160
Q

extraperitoneal fat =

A

extraperitoneal fat

161
Q

parietal peritoneum =

A

tunica vaginalis

162
Q

what 3 coverings for for SCROTUM

A

skin, colle’s fascia, dartos muscle

163
Q

what two things together become known as the colles fascia

A

camper’s and scarpas fascia

164
Q

what fasica does not go all the way down to scrotum

A

campers

165
Q

what makes scrotum wrinkly, contracts scrotum when cold and sex

A

dartos muscle

166
Q

cremasteric reflex

A

contracts scrotum up, touch inner thing, checks L1

167
Q

direct inguinal hernia common in what population

A

elderly

168
Q

indirect inguinal hernia commin in what population

A

male children

169
Q

why get direct inguinal hernia

A

weak anterior abd wall muscles

170
Q

why get indirect inguinal hernia

A

patency congenital of processsus vaginalis

171
Q

how do you know if its indirect

A

protrusion is found lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, goes through spermatic cord and enters the inguinal canal (indirect)

172
Q

how know if its direct

A

protrusion is thorugh the inguinal triangle/hasselbach, found medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, bulges through inguinal triangle

173
Q

how test clinically for physical exam

A

put finger into superficial inguinal ring, ask patient to cough, if feel protrusion on tip of finger = indirect, side of finger = direct

174
Q

boundaries of inguinal triangle

A

medially: redctus abd inferiorly: inguinal ligament laterally: epigastric vessels

175
Q

direct inguinal hernia common in what population

A

elderly

176
Q

indirect inguinal hernia commin in what population

A

male children

177
Q

why get direct inguinal hernia

A

weak anterior abd wall muscles

178
Q

why get indirect inguinal hernia

A

patency congenital of processsus vaginalis

179
Q

how do you know if its indirect

A

protrusion is found lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, goes through spermatic cord and enters the inguinal canal (indirect)

180
Q

how know if its direct

A

protrusion is thorugh the inguinal triangle/hasselbach, found medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, bulges through inguinal triangle

181
Q

how test clinically for physical exam

A

put finger into superficial inguinal ring, ask patient to cough, if feel protrusion on tip of finger = indirect, side of finger = direct

182
Q

boundaries of inguinal triangle

A

medially: redctus abd inferiorly: inguinal ligament laterally: epigastric vessels

183
Q

femoral hernia

A

most common found in women, goes through femoral ring instead of inguinal, found in lower groin also

184
Q

other types of hernias

A

femoral hernia, epigastric hernia, paraumbilical hernia, separation of the recti abdominis, incisional hrenia, congenital or acquired infantile umbilical hernia

185
Q

incisional hernia

A

from operations and incisions didnt properly heal

186
Q

what can be injured when a mcburney inciison is done

A

anterior cutaneous branches get cut so get decreased sensation there T11 and 12

187
Q

what vascular structure can be damaged when using a pfannenstiel incision to open abd

A

inferior epigastric vessels

188
Q

cremasteric reflex order

A

touch medial aspect of thing > sensory ilioinguinal nerve > L1 > motor genital branch of genital femoral nerve > cremasteric muscle innervated

Maris anatomy 1 (18 decks)

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