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Anatomy > The Tibia, Fibula and Knee Joint > Flashcards

The Tibia, Fibula and Knee Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What layer is the tibia covered in?

A

In a fibrous layer called the periosteum. Its filled with pain receptors, which is why it is so painful to be kicked in the leg.

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2
Q

What kind of joint is the knee joint?

A

The knee joint is a synovial hinge joint.

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3
Q

What three bones formed the knee joint?

A

The tibia, femur and patella.

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4
Q

What structures of the femur does the tibia articulate with?

A

The medial and lateral condyle.

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5
Q

What is the articulation between the femur and the tibia often referred to as?

A

the tibiofemoral joint.

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6
Q

How does the patella articulate with the femur?

A

The patella has two facets on the posterior side of the bone. The medial facets articulate with the medial condyle and the lateral facet articulates with the lateral condyle.

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7
Q

What are the condyles of the femur covered in?

A

They are covered in articular cartilage to make the joint smoother.

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8
Q

What kind of bone is the patella?

A

It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. It is formed withing a tendon.

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9
Q

What is the inferior angle of the patella called?

A

The apex of the patella.

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10
Q

What is the joint between the tibia and the fibula called?

A

It is called the proximal tibiofibular joint.

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11
Q

What is the structure of the tibia that articulates with the femur called?

A

The structure at the tibia that articulates with the femur is called the tibial plateau.

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12
Q

What is the structure between the two condyles of the tibia called?

A

The intercondylar eminence.

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13
Q

How many borders and surfaces does the tibia have?

A

The tibia is slightly triangular in form and has therefor three borders and three surfaces.

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14
Q

What is the most lateral border of the tibia called?

A

The interosseous border. This is where the interosseous membrane attaches.

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15
Q

What is the surface between the medial and anterior border of the tibia called?

A

The medial surface of the tibia.

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16
Q

What is the surface between the anterior and interosseous border of the tibia called?

A

The lateral surface of the tibia.

17
Q

What part of the tibia articulates with the fibula to form the distal tibiofibular joint?

A

The fibular notch.

18
Q

What part of the tibia does the fibula articulate with to form the proximal tibiofibular joint?

A

The head of the fibula articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia.

19
Q

How many surfaces and borders does the fibula consist of?

A

Similar to the tibia, the fibula is triangular in shape and has therefor 3 borders and three surfaces.

20
Q

What is the most distal structure of the fibula and is a part of the ankle joint?

A

The lateral malleolus.

21
Q

What two layers does the articular capsule of the knee joint contain?

A

Outer fibrous layer (provides stability)

Inner synovial layer (lubricates the articulating surfaces)

22
Q

What is a meniscus?

A

A meniscus is a c-shaped pad in the knee joint that acts as a shock absorber.

23
Q

How many menisci does each knee have?

A
  1. A lateral and medial meniscus.
24
Q

What ligament extends from the head of the fibula to the lateral tibial condyle?

A

Anterior and posterior ligament of the head of the fibula.

Reinforces the proximal tibiofibular joint

25
Q

Between which structures does the tibial collateral ligament extend?

A

The medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial tibial condyle and medial meniscus.

26
Q

Between which structures does the fibular collateral ligament extend?

A

The lateral epicondyle of the femur and the head of the fibula.

27
Q

What ligament lays anteriorly to the fibular collateral ligament?

A

The anterolateral ligament. (Lateral epicondyle of the femur –> anterolateral aspect of the tibia). Stabilizing the knee during medial rotation.

28
Q

What ligament is essential for the extension of the knee joint?

A

The patellar ligament.

29
Q

Which ligament int the knee joint is posteriorly located and has a Y shape?

A

The arcuate popliteal ligament.

30
Q

What posterior ligament of the knee joint is known as the ligament of bourgery and works together with the arcuate popliteal ligament to stabilize the posterior aspect of the knee joint.

A

The oblique popliteal ligament.

31
Q

What are the two intracapsular ligaments that form a cross in the knee joint?

A

The anterior and the posterior cruciate ligaments.

32
Q

What is the main function of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments?

A

Prevent posterior and anterior dislocation of the knee joint.

33
Q

What ligament runs from the medial to the lateral menisci?

A

The transverse ligament of the knee. (stabilizes the menisci.

34
Q

What three ligaments work together to stabilize the distal tibiofibular joint?

A

The anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligament and the interosseous tibiofibular ligament.

35
Q

How many bones do you have in each foot?

A

26.

Anatomy (8 decks)

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