Joints and Joint Types Flashcards
What is a fibrous joint?
- Bones joined by dense connective tissue (mainly collagen)
- Have no joint cavities.
- Permit no movement.
Where do we find fibrous joints?
In sutures (skull)
In syndesmoses (Distal tibiofibular joint)
Gomphoses (Connects the teeth to the alveolar socket)
What is a cartilaginous joint?
Bones united by cartilage (fibrous or hyaline cartilage)
Allow for very little movement.
Intervertebral disks of spinal column.
What two types of cartilaginous joints do we have?
Primary cartilaginous joints (synchondroses)
- United by hyaline cartilage
- Accept little or no movement.
- A sternocostal joint of first rib.
Secondary cartilaginous joints (symphyses)
- Joined by fibrocartilage.
- Slightly moveable joints.
- Pubic symphysis and the intervertebral disks.
What are the characteristics of synovial joints?
- Joint cavity.
- Articular cartilage and capsule
- Synovial membrane
What types of synovial joints do we have?
Plane (gliding) joints (gliding and sliding between bones)
Hinge joints (Door hinges - flexion and extention)
Pivot joints (Central bony pivot turning within a bony ring and allow only rotation)
Condylar joints (Two convex condyles articulating with two concave condyles and allow flexion and extension)
Saddle joints (One bone rests on another bone and allow for flexion and extension, adduction and abduction)
ball and socket joint (ball like head into a cup shaped cavity)
Where do we find plane (gliding) joints?
Proximal tibiofibular intertarsal intercarpal intermetacarpal carpometacarpal sternoclavicular acromioclavicular
What kind of joint is the acromioclavicular joint? + Movements
Plane type synovial joint
Axial rotation + anteroposterior
What kind of joint is the sternoclavicular joint? + Movements
Synovial plane joint
Passive movements
What kind of joint is the shoulder joint? + Movements
Ball and socket synovial joint
Extension Flexion Abduction Adduction medial/lateral rotation curcumduction
What kind of joint is the elbow joint? + Movements
Hinge-type synovial joint
Flexion and extension
What kind of joint is the radioulnar joint? + Movements
Pivot synovial joint
Pronation and supination
What kind of joint is the wrist joint? + Movements
Synovial condylar joint
Flexion extension adduction abduction curcumduction
What kind of joint is the hip joint? + Movements
Ball and socket synovial joint
Flextion Extension abduction adduction lateral rotation medial rotation Curcumduction
What kind of joint is the knee joint? + Movements
Condylar joint (resembles a hinge joint)
Extension
flexion
Lateral rotation
Medial rotation