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Media Studies Comp 1 > The Theorists > Flashcards

The Theorists Flashcards

1
Q

What does Roland Barthes’ theory include?

A

Semiology and Narrative codes.

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2
Q

What are Roland Barthes 5 Narrative codes?

A
  1. Hermeneutic Codes - questions?
  2. Proairetic Codes - Clues.
  3. Intertextual References/Cultural Codes - visuals or knowledge used from another media text.
  4. Symbolic codes - Writerly is a surface level meaning, Readerly is a deeper level meaning.
  5. Semic Code - Semiology
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3
Q

What are the some aspects Steven Neale’s stated make a genre?

A
  1. Genre Iconography
  2. Technical Codes
  3. Aural Codes
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4
Q

What did Steven Neale say about Genre?

A

Genre is made up of instances of repetition and difference.
Difference is essential to the economy of genre.

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5
Q

What is Clay Shirky’s theory called?
What does it include?

A

Web 2.0
It is the idea that we had a web 1.0 and now we are in the stages of web 2.0 whereby the line between consumers and producers is blurred leading to prosumerism.

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6
Q

What does Henry Jenkins’ theory talk about?

A

Fandom
1. Fans are active participants
2. Not fully authorised ‘textual poaching’

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7
Q

What does Gerbner and Gross’ theory address?

A

Cultivation theory
They state that the more frequently you are exposed to an idea or ideology the more likely you are the believe it.

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8
Q

What is Stuart Hall’s audience theory?

A

Audiences can either have a preferred, negotiated or opposed reading position to a piece of work.

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9
Q

What is Bandura’s theory?

A

Audience’s are passive and will act like the media they consume.

Bobo Doll experiment
Hypodermic Needle model - ideologies are being pushed into the audience like an injection.

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10
Q

What did Blumler and Katz say?

A

There are 5 uses and gratifications of media.
1. Personal Identification
2. Sexual Gratification
3. Social interaction
4. Entertainment and Escapism
5. Education and Information

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11
Q

What did Claude Levi-Strauss say?

A

There will always be Binary Opposites within a media text.

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12
Q

What are the 5 stages to Todorov’s theory?

A
  1. Unstable equilibrium
  2. Disruption to the equilibrium
  3. recognition of the disruption
  4. Attempt to resolve the disruption
  5. Stable equilibrium
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13
Q

What are David Hesmondhalgh’s theories called?

A

Cultural Industries
and
Cultural Formatting

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14
Q

What is Curran and Seaton’s theory?

A

Conglomerates only want profit and power which leads them to create media products that are unoriginal

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15
Q

What did Livingstone and Lunt say?

A

Must have a freedom of press
Act in the public interest
Protect citizens from harrassment

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16
Q

What did Stuart Hall say about representation?

A

The tropes of black characters within media.
1. The native trope
2. The clown trope
3. The exotic

17
Q

What extra trope do we get from Alvarado?

A

The pitied trope

18
Q

What does Stuart Hall say about stereotypes?

A

People are reduced to codes and conventions, these have most commonly been created when there has been inequality or an imbalance of power.

19
Q

What is bell hooks’ theory?

A

Intersectionality.
Whereby there is an order to how you are discriminated against.

20
Q

What did Paul Gilroy say?

A

Non-white people and characters are seen through a lens of ‘otherness’ and that we have a racial hierarchy.

21
Q

What is David Gauntlett’s theory?
What does he say?

A

Pick’N’Mix theory
We used to have traditional roles for gender identities.
Now we have a more diverse range of icons and stars to pick and choose our own identity from.

22
Q

What are the 2 main parts to Van-Zoonen’s theory?

A

Spectacle and Behaviour

23
Q

What did Van-Zoonen say about spectacle?

A

Men appear to be strong and in heroic position in media.
Women are sexualised in media.

24
Q

What did Van-Zoonen say about behaviour?

A

Men belong to the world of work and politics.
Women belong to the world of the home and domestic.

25
Q

What does Judith Bulter’s theory address?

A

Gender Performance.
Gender is performative and constructed by the way we express ourselves rather than our sex.
It is the idea that performativity is not a singular act but the repetition of things, causing it to become ritual.

26
Q

What does Scheff say?

A

In media we most commonly have seen emotional unavailable males.

27
Q

What does Jackson Katz address?

A

Males resolve issues with anger.

28
Q

What is Laura Mulvey’s theory?

A

Male Gaze.
The camera is a heterosexual male.

29
Q

What is Amy Coplen’s theory?

A

Emotional Contagion.
Close up shots + time = emotive shot

30
Q

What is Eisentein’s theory?

A

Intellectual Montage.
One shot by itself may mean something different if it is followed by a different shot.

Media Studies Comp 1 (11 decks)

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