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Geography > The Thames River Basin > Flashcards

The Thames River Basin Flashcards

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1
Q

Info about Thames region

A

1) Most developed part of the UK

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2
Q

What is the population of The Thames Region?

A

12 million (1/5 of UK population)

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3
Q

What area does The Thames Region cover?

A

13, 000km2

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4
Q

How many counties are within The Thames Region?

A

14 counties

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5
Q

Name two tributaries…

A

The Cole and The Lee

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6
Q

Describe the difference between the Western and Eastern regions…

A

Western Region=rural and agriculture is dominant.

Eastern Region= urban and industrialised

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7
Q

Approximately how many litres a day is extracted from the region’s rivers?

A

Approx 4700 million litres

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8
Q

Name four reasons why demand for water is increasing within The Thames Region…

A

1) use of water in homes and gardens
2) losses through leakages and pipes
3) population growth
4) economic and development pressure

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9
Q

Explain one reason why industry is developing within The Thames Region…

A

Geologically, the are contains much chalk, limestone, sand and gravel which creates opportunity for mineral extraction

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10
Q

Name the main way rivers help with industrial development…

A

They allow for the import and export of raw materials and finished goods

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11
Q

Describe why there are many heavy industries such as car manufacturing and iron and steel works on the floodplains…

A

because the land is flat and cheap and there is easy access to water for cooling purposes

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12
Q

Explain why many major settlements are built close to the river, especially in the rivers lower course…

A

because the river brings many benefits such as a good supply of drinking water, good potential for trade and communications, flat land, and in the past fertile soils for farming.

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13
Q

Name an example of a settlement within The Thames region which is built on higher ground to reduce the risk of flooding…

A

Oxford

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14
Q

Name an industrial development which is at risk from flooding…

A

The Thames Gateway in East London, a massive port used for lots of trade.

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15
Q

Name the major conflict within The Thames Region…

A

Relates to the demand for more housing

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16
Q

Name the main reason for increased demand in housing…

A

High demand for housing in South-East England due to large number of jobs in the London region.

17
Q

Which areas would new settlements within The Thames Region affect?

A

Mudflats and Salt Marshes of The Thames Estuary which are important ecological areas.

18
Q

How many houses would the new settlements consist of below sea level?

A

120,000 homes below sea level

19
Q

Which parts of the river course are popular to farmers and why?

A

The lower parts of the river valley because of the supply of water (for machinery and irrigation) and relatively gentle slopes.

20
Q

What type of farming is used in the areas where flooding is likely?

A

Livestock farming (animals can be lead to dry land in times of flood)

21
Q

Name a social impact of transportation and trade…

A

The more trade there is, the greater the number of jobs + the multiplier effect.

22
Q

How is the land good for transport?

A

The river valleys, especially those in the lower course of the river, are relatively flat and make transport routes easy to build.

23
Q

Name a major transport route which follows the River Thames…

A

The main railway line from Oxford to London. It follows and passes through the River Thames.

24
Q

Why is the River Thames not used for HEP?

A

The land is not steep enough to create enough power to drive the turbines.

25
Q

Describe the tributaries input for energy…

A

Lots of the River Thames’ tributaries (e.g. The River Cole) at Coleshill near Faringdon have been used for grinding grain in the past.

26
Q

Describe how the River Thames has an input on production of energy…

A

The River Thames is used to generate power indirectly. Much of London’s waste is carried to incinerators in the East of London which convert waste into electricity.

27
Q

In terms of energy, how has the East of London been described?

A

“The areas where London generates its heat and buries its waste”.

28
Q

Name 5 recreational activities which the River Thames Provides…

A

Fishing, swimming, canoeing, rowing, sailing, cruising, guided tours, walking and hiking.

29
Q

Name an important recreational resource within the Thames Basin…

A

The Cotswold Water Park. It is made up of many lakes which are used for a wide variety of water-based activities.

30
Q

How many properties are at risk due to tidal flooding?

A

420, 000 properties are at risk.

31
Q

When did The Thames Barrier become operational?

A

1982

32
Q

On average how many times does The Thames Barrier have to close a year?

A

On average 3 times a year. BUT 2000/01 there were 24 barrier closures.

33
Q

Name an important local flood alleviation scheme…

A

Restored meanders and floodplains of the River Cole.

34
Q

Describe an area which needs to be conserved…

A

The Cotswold Water Park is environmentally sensitive and is considered a pressure point due to the vast numbers of people it attracts.

35
Q

How is The Cotswold Water Park being managed?

A

Lots of SSSI’s so has been recognised.

36
Q

An area of environmental interest…

A

Thames Estuary has mudflats which attract a lot of attention due to vast biodiversity.

37
Q

Define biodiversity…

A

The range of organisms present in a particular ecological community or system. It can be measured by the number of different species or the variation within or between species.

38
Q

Describe the two main conflicts in The Thames River Basin…

A

1) Housing- more demand for housing but have to destroy salt marshes and mud flats, environmentalists not happy.
2) Industrial development and ecologically important areas- Cotswold Water Park- damage biodiversity.

Geography (17 decks)

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