The Stuarts Flashcards
Who was the first Stuart monarch
James I
How did James I become king of England?
Elizabeth I left no heirs and the next living relative was James I
Who was the second Stuart monarch?
Charles I
Why was Charles I never supposed to be king?
He had an older brother named Henry who should have been king but he died.
Who did Charles I marry?
Henriette Marie of France
How many children did Charles I have?
He had four
What year was Charles I executed?
1649
Why were there no monarchs ruling between 1649 and 1660?
Oliver Cromwell ruled over England and England became a republic for that time.
How were James II and Charles II related?
They were brothers
Describe the gun powder plot of 1605 (4)
1) It was on the 5th November 1605
2) They planned to blow up parliament when James I came to open it
3) James I was not nice to the catholics
4) James I was warned about the plot
5) Guy Fawkes was caught carrying gun powder
Explain why 2 of Charles I’s decisions caused the English Civil War
1) Charles took advantage of his power e.g making the country pay ship money all the time
2) Charles married a catholic this worried the protestants and made them unhappy they may have thought he might be a catholic
Identify whether the following statements are Political,Economic or Religious reasons why the English Civil War started: A) Charles I decided to arrest some MP’s but failed B) In 1629, Charles I dissolved Parliament and ruled without them for 11 years C) Charles I introduced a new tax to help him pay for his expensive lifestyle D) People rebelled because they didn’t like Charles I’s religious changes E) Charles I firmly believed in the divine right of kings
A) Political B) Political C) Economic D) Religious E) Religious and Political
Do the following statements describe Royalists or Parliamentarians? A) Led by Oliver Cromwell B) Supported by Charles I C) Catholics D) Were nicknamed the Roundheads
A) Parliamentarians
B) Royalists
C) Royalists
D) Parliamentarians
Do the following statement describe the Royalists or the Parliamentarians? E) Puritans F) Were nicknamed the Cavaliers G) Wanted power returned to the people H) Won the English Civil War
E) Parliamentarians
F) Royalists
G) Parliamentarians
H) Parliamentarians
Explain how the New Model Army helped Cromwell win the English Civil War (3)
1) They were well trained which made them more experienced than the Royalists
2) They were paid which gave them more incentive to fight to the best of their ability
3) They believed that God was on their side which made them fight with no fear and more confidence in order to please God
Write 5 pieces of info from source A that shows that some people didn’t want Charles I executed
1) Only 68/135 of the judges came to the trial
2) Only 59/135 signed the death warrant
3) People said that they had no right to try Charles I
4) People dipped handkerchiefs in his blood to remember him
5) It took a week for Charles to be sentenced to death
Which 2 Stuart monarchs ruled together?
William and Mary
Explain why the author of source A is suggesting that Charles I should not have been executed? (3)
1) He was a Royalist therefore supported Charles
2) He thought that Charles should still rule over England
3) He also believed in the divine right of kings
Describe how life changed after the English Civil War (6)
1) England was now ruled by Oliver Cromwell who called himself Lord protector
2) He was not a monarch this made England a republic
3) Cromwell appointed major generals to help rule England
4) They enforced rules such as no swearing, no drinking alcohol and no bear baiting
5) Christmas was banned
6) There was now no fighting in England
How are the Stuarts similar to the Tudors? (3)+ explanation
1) Religious conflict- They both had to deal with conflict between Catholics and Protestants
2) Marriage problems- Mary and Charles I both marriage people who were unpopular with the English people
3) Believed that the monarch had power over everyone- Charles I went behind parliament when imposing taxes as he believed he could stop him and Henry VIII wanted a divorce so be created a new religion so he could get a divorce.
