the structure and function of the heart

Question 1

the heart has 4 chambers

Answer 1

right atrium
right ventricle
left atrium
left ventricle

Question 2

the right side collects

Answer 2

deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs to collect oxygen

Question 3

The left side collects

Answer 3

oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body

Question 4

the walls of the heart are made of

Answer 4

cardiac muscle that can contract continuously without causing fatigue

Question 5

deoxygenated blood returning

Answer 5

from the body via the vena cava and fills the right atrium

Question 6

The build-up of pressure during atrial diastole forces open

Answer 6

open the atrioventricular(AV) valve and blood flows into the right ventricle during ventricular diastole

Question 7

The right atrium contracts, forcing

Answer 7

forcing all the blood into the right ventricle(atrial systole)

Question 8

once full, the right ventricles muscular walls contract(ventricular systole),

Answer 8

closing the AV valve and force the blood up through the semi-lunar valve and out through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.

Question 9

oxygenated blood returning from the lungs via the

Answer 9

pulmonary vein filla the left atrium(during atrial diastole)

Question 10

The build up of pressure during atrial diastole forces open the

Answer 10

atrioventricular valve and blood flows into the left ventricle. The atrium contracts forcing all the blood into the ventricle.

Question 11

once full, the left ventricle muscular walls contract(ventricular systole), closing the

Answer 11

AV valve and forcing the blood up through the semi-lunar valve and out through the aorta to the body organs.

Question 12

The opening and closing of the atrio-ventricular (AV) and semi lunar(SL) valves are responsible

Answer 12

responsible for the heart sounds heard with a stethoscope

Question 13

cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped out by

Answer 13

either ventricle (out of the heart) per minute

Question 14

Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out by

Answer 14

either ventricle during one systole.

Question 15

cardiac output is determined by heart rate and stroke volume.

Answer 15

CO=HRxSV

Question 16

The cardiac cycle is the pattern of

Answer 16

contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole)

Question 17

The heartbeat originates

Answer 17

in the heart itself

Question 18

The sinoatrial node(SAN) also known as the pacemaker is situated

Answer 18

in the wall of the right atrium

Question 19

The SAN ensures both atria contract simultaneously by sending

Answer 19

out electrical impulses that are carried through the muscular walls of atria

Question 20

The sino-atrial node SAN or pacemaker sets the rate at which

Answer 20

cardiac muscle cells contract

Question 21

the timing of cardiac cells contracting is controlled is by the

Answer 21

electrical impulses from the SAN spreading through the atria to the atrioventricular node (AVN) and through the ventricles

Question 22

The electrical impulses generated in the heart produce currents that can be detected by

Answer 22

an electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 23

The medulla in the brain regulates

Answer 23

the rate of the SAN through the antahonsitic action of the autonomic nervous system(ANS)

Question 24

sympathetic accelerator nerves release nor-acetylcholine which

Answer 24

decreases the heart rate

Question 25

the parasympathetic nerves to the heart release acetylcholine which decreases

Answer 25

the heart rate

Question 26

blood pressure changes in the aorta during the

Answer 26

cardiac cycle

Question 27

measurements of blood pressure is performed using a

Answer 27

sphygmomanometer

Question 28

a typical reading for a young adult is

Answer 28

120/70 mmHg

Question 29

hypertension(high blood pressure) is a major risk

Answer 29

factor for many diseases and conditions , including coronary heart disease