hormonal control of reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

hormones are chemical messengers produced by

A

endocrine glands

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2
Q

hormones are released directly into the bloodstream

A

and travel to their target tissue organ

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3
Q

hormones control the

A

onset puberty
sperm production
menstrual cycle

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4
Q

the hypothalamus releases a hormone called

A

GRH- grande releasing hormone

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5
Q

pituitary gland releases 2 hormones

A

LH-luteinizing hormone
FSH- follicle stimulating hormone
ICSH- interstitial cell stimulating

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6
Q

FSH

A

promotes sperm production

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7
Q

ICSH-

A

stimulates the interstitial cells in the testes to produce the male sex hormone called testosterone.

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8
Q

testosterone stimulates

A

sperm production in seminiferous tubules and activates the prostate gland and seminal vesicles to produce their fluid secretions.

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9
Q

overproduction of testosterone

A

prevented by a negative feedback mechanism

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10
Q

high testosterone levels inhibit the secretion of

A

FSH and ICSH from the pituitary gland, resulting in a decrease in the production of testosterone by interstitial cells.

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11
Q

how long the menstrual cycle takes

A

28 days

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12
Q

follicular phase , FSH stimulates the development and maturation of

A

a follicle surrounding the ovum and the production of the sex hormones

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13
Q

oestrogen stimulates the

A

repair and vascularisation of the endometrium, thicken it and preparing if for implantation

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14
Q

High levels of oestrogen stimulate the secretion

A

of LH by the pituitary gland.

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15
Q

In the luteal phase,a surge in LH triggers

A

ovulation and then stimulates the development of the corpus luteum from the follicle

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16
Q

LH also stimulates the

A

corpus luteum to secrete the sex hormone progesterone

17
Q

progesterone promotes the further development and vascularisation

A

of the endometrium, preparing it for implantation of a blastocyst if fertilisation occurs.

18
Q

high levels of oestrogen and progesterone inhibit the secretion

A

of FSH and LH by the pituitary gland, which prevents further follicles from developing

19
Q

The inhibition of FSH and LH by high levels of oestrogen and progesterone is an example

A

of negative feedback control.

20
Q

if fertilization does not occur:

A

there is a drop in LH levels, which causes the corpus luteum to break down , and also causes a decrease in progesterone and oestrogen levels

21
Q

The decrease in oestrogen and progesterone levels causes the endometrium to break down and triggers the

A

start of metabolisms