The Start Of The Cold War Flashcards
What was the Cold War?
A position where Russia and her former allies (UK and USA) were hostile towards each other but no actual fighting took place.
How did Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt disagree over the organisation of the post war world?
Stalins main concern was security, especially against Germany should she ever rise again. He wanted to create a buffer zone of friendly countries to protect Russia from future invasion?
Churchill feared Stalin wanted to expand communist influence deep into Europe. He made an agreement by which Eastern Europe would be split into spheres of influence.
Roosevelt believed that peace and security were most likely to be found in an open world in which all nations would be able to trade without restrictions. He opposed buffer zones and spheres of influence.
What did Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt agree at Yalta? (February 1945)
Agreed to hold free elections in the countries they liberated and temporarily divide Germany into 4 zones, administered by the big 3 and France.
What occurred at the Potsdam conference (July 1945)?
Stalin was angry that he was not allowed to take reparations from Germany that he thought he had been promised at Yalta.
As a result of this conference Stalin decided to turn Eastern Europe and the Russian zone of Germany into bloc of communist states.
What countries became apart of the communist buffer zone between 1945 and 1947?
Albania
Bulgaria
Hungary
Poland
Romania
What was the Truman Doctrine?
Policy of containment.
“I believe that it must be the policy of the USA to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities and outside pressures” - President Truman.
Made to prevent the spread of communism.
What was the Marshall plan?
In 1948, the American Secretary of State, George Marshall, proposed a plan to give huge amounts of money to European countries. His reasons for this were to:
Help European states recover from war.
Prevent them from being taken over by communism.
To make Europe prosperous again so that she would be able to trade with the USA.
What is N.A.T.O?
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
All countries within N.A.T.O promised to treat an attack on one of them as an attack on all.
What was the Warsaw Pact?
Warsaw treaty organisation (WTO)
A collective treaty signed in Warsaw between Russia and seven other eastern bloc socialist republics. Made to counteract NATO. An attack on one is an attack on all.
What is Comecon?
The council for mutual economic assistance.
The eastern blocs response to the formation of the Marshall plan.
What is Cominform?
Mirror to Truman Doctrine
