The stages of attachment as investigated by Schaffer

Question 1

what is a primary attachment figure?

Answer 1

The person who has formed the closest bond with a child, demonstrated by the intensity of this relationship

Question 2

what is multiple attachment

Answer 2

having more than one attachment figure

Question 3

what is seperation anxiety?

Answer 3

the distress shown by an infant when sepraion from his/her primary caregiver

Question 4

what is stranger anxiety?

Answer 4

the distres from an infant where approached or picked up by somone who is unfamilliar

Question 5

what is a secure base?

Answer 5

the ability to use a caregiver as a safe base from which to explore the world

Question 6

Acroding to Flanagan(1999), how do you know an infant is attached?

Answer 6

proximity is a key feature of any definition of attachment.

Question 7

who study is this and when?

Answer 7

Shaffer and Emerson( 1964)

Question 8

who were the participents?

Answer 8

60 babies from Glasgow

Question 9

how long the participents measured for and how often?

Answer 9

a year at monthly intervals

Question 10

what type of study is it?

Answer 10

longitudinal study

Question 11

where were the children studied?

Answer 11

Their House

Question 12

what stage in life were they studying?

Answer 12

first 18 months

Question 13

what was analysed and why?

Answer 13

interactions with carers and when infants first started to display seperation anxiety

Question 14

waht was seperation anxiety used as a measure for?

Answer 14

whether an attachment had formed with that caregiver

Question 15

waht were the seven scenarios parent reported on seperation anxiety about?

Answer 15

-left alone in a room
-left with other people
-left in their pram outside the shop
-left in their cot at night
-put down after being held
-passed by while sitting on their cot/chair

Question 16

what did the results say about who the attachment is most likley to form with?

Answer 16

the carer who is the most sensitive to babies signals

Question 17

what did the results say about the babies by the time they were ten months old

Answer 17

most of the babies had several attachemnts, included attachments to mothers,fathers, siblings and extended family

Question 18

what did the findings say about who the main attachment figure was?
mother or father

Answer 18

mother

Question 19

what are the stages?

Answer 19

Asocial stage
indiscriminate attachments
specific
multiple

Question 20

when does the asocial stage happen?

Answer 20

0-6 weeks

Question 21

when does the indiscriminate attachment stage take place?

Answer 21

6 weeks-6 months

Question 22

when does the specific attachmetn stage take place?

Answer 22

7 months+

Question 23

when does the multiple attachment stage take place?

Answer 23

10/11 months+

Question 24

what happens in the asocial stage of attachment?

Answer 24

similar responses to objects and people
prefrences for eyes/faces

Question 25

what happens in the indiscriminate attachnment stage?

Answer 25

preference for human company
ability to dinsinguish between people but comforted indiscriminatley

Question 26

what happens in the specific stage of attachemnt?

Answer 26

infants sow a preference for one caregiver,displaying seperation and stranger anxiety
the baby looks to specific people for security comfort and protection

Question 27

what happens in the multiple stage of attachment?

Answer 27

attachment behaviours are displayed towards several different people. e.g., siblings,grandparents, parents