The Speed of the Protestant Reformation

Question 1

lutheranism in Scandanvia

Answer 1

1. union of Kalmar 2. Gustas Vasas 3. Fredreick 4. Christian III

Question 2

lutheranism in Scandanvia (union of Kalmar)

Answer 2

unify Denmark, Norway, Sweeden under ruler of King of ???, no political and social unification (noble nullify any increase in monarchial centralization)

Question 3

lutheranism in Scandanvia (Gustas Vasas)

Answer 3

over thorw Christian II of Denmark, king of Seeden and took lead in establishing luthernean Reformation in his country

Question 4

lutheranism in Scandanvia (fredrick I who succeded Christian II of denmark)

Answer 4

encouraged lutheraean preachers to spread their gosepl teaching doctrine and introduce lutheran liturgy into Dnaish church service

Question 5

lutheranism in Scandanvia (christian III)

Answer 5

install king as supreme authroity in alll eccesiastial affairs, instrument in spreading luthernaidms to norway

Question 6

the zwinglian reformation

Answer 6

cantons and ulrich zwingli

Question 7

the swinglian reformation (cantons)

Answer 7

swiss conferance in loose association of 13 self governing states, part of holy roman empire then independt (6 were democrat, 7 were city councils controled by oligarchy of wealthy citizens)

Question 8

the zwingilian reformation (ulurich swingli)

Answer 8

forest cantons, influence by christian humanism, unrest from his preaching in zurich then city council hold debates then this became the standard method for spreading reformation to cities (helpful to reformer not to Catholics) then zwingli’s party won

Question 9

reforms in zurch

Answer 9

1. reforms made known in Zurch by council, influenced by zurch (looked to state to supervise church) 2. no images and relics 3. new liturgy 4. music eliminated

Question 10

a futile search for unity

Answer 10

1. zwinligi attempt to build a league of evangelical cities by making an agreement with german reformers and luther(did this because forest cantons remained Catholic and did not want them to ally with Hapsburg) 2. Swiss and German reform held unity to defend against imperial and conservative opposition 3. Marburg Collary 4. last supper interpretation debate 5. war between swiss protestants and Catholic cantons

Question 11

a futile search for unity (marburg collarguy)

Answer 11

1. protestant political leaders attempt to promote alliance of Swiss and German reformed churches by having them attend the marburg collargy to resolve differences (did not want Charles V to take charge of divison of reformers) 2. no alliance and agreement

Question 12

a futile search for unity (last supper interpretation debate)

Answer 12

1. zwingli (believed scriptual words taken sybmolically, not literally, di dnot believe luther’s ideas ) 2. luther (real presence of body and blood of Jesus)

Question 13

a futile search for unity (war between Swiss proestant and Catholic cantons)

Answer 13

zurich burned and defeated, unable to find peaceful ways to agree on meaning of Gosepl, resorted to violence and decision by force

Question 14

Anadptists

Answer 14

lower class people

Question 15

Anabpastis common ideas

Answer 15

1. the christian church is an assocation of believers who undergone spiritual and baptized into church 2. support adult baptism 3. no one should be forced to accept the truth of bible 4. tried to go back to practices of early chrsitianity 5. follow demoacracy, everyone equal 6. choose their own minister (lead the service) 7. accept they woul dhave to suffer for their faith 8. believed in complete seperation of church and state (government not supposed to excerise political judristidction over christians) 9. refuse to hold political office of bear arms (some became biolent) 10. last suppoer is only a meal

Question 16

Variety of Anabaptists

Answer 16

1. Swiss Brethean 2. Melcholirites 3. Menno Simon 4. Dutch Anabaptists return to pacifist tendences (evident with Menno Simmons)

Question 17

Variety of Anabapitst (Swiss Brethean)

Answer 17

first members who been bapitsted as adults had been bapitstzed as children, their opponents saw them as Anabapitst or Rebaptstsi, started in zurch then expelled, suffer persecution

Question 18

variety of anabapists (melcholirests)

Answer 18

radical mass religion hysterisa happen in munster, end of world was at hand and usher new kingdom, took control of munster, john Leiden (proclaim himself king of new jerusaelem), wanted to purify world of evil by sword for creation of new age, in the end: new kings had to postpone ushering from Munster and catholics and lutheranes recapture city

Question 19

variety fo anabapists (menno simmons)

Answer 19

dedicate life to spread of peaceful anabaptism, stress seperation from world in order ot truly emulate life of Jesus, strict discpline, followers were mennonites

Question 20

John Calvin

Answer 20

educated and influenced by luther, convinced of inner guidance of God and became proetsnt reformer, paris was not safe for him then went to basel and wrote a book (instiitues of christian religion which was a mass thesis of Proestant)

Question 21

John Calvin (ideas)

Answer 21

1. aboslute sorvienity of God or power of God 2. justification by faith only 3. predesination (god predestined some to be said and some dammned, 3 tests that indicate possible salvation) 4. church is the divine insitituion responsible for preaching word of God and administring sacremants (baptism and lords supper) 5. baptism is the forignvess of sins 6. lords supper is real presence of Jesus but only in spiritual sense

Question 22

Calvin’s geneva

Answer 22

1. ecclesiastial ordiances 2. his success made Geneva to become ceneter for proestantism (missionaries from Genevaea went o all of Europe and replaced Lutheranism as internal form of Proestiams )

Question 23

calvin’s geneva (eccelstiatnial oridnaces)

Answer 23

when took up ministry in genea created church governemnt that used both clergy and layment in service of church, consistory (enforce moral disicple, as power increase —> public punishmenet for sins and from brotherly corrections), even more harsher laws against blashphemy

Question 24

The social impact of proestatnt reformation

Answer 24

marriage, family, women role, women education

Question 25

The social impact of proestatnt reformation (marriage)

Answer 25

1. Catholicsm (no sex = holy clergy don’t marry is more prefered over marriage, restrain from sex is holiness, marriage: people who couldn’t restrain from it, family praised, purpose ot have chilren)
2. proestant reofrmsers (agreed with catholics, luther and calvin, no holiness of celibacy)

Question 26

The social impact of proestatnt reformation (family)

Answer 26

1. Catholicsm (holiness for celebacy) 2. porestant reformation (family is the cnet er of human life, stress on mutual love of wife and husband ecause abolish holiness to celebacy) 3. reality and doctrine were different

Question 27

The social impact of proestatnt reformation (women role)

Answer 27

1. servant to husband and please him 2. bear children (punishment for sin of eve) 3. family life only desiring (father is the centter of the houshold religion, women no longer the center …., monasticm no longer an option

Question 28

The social impact of proestatnt reformation (women education)

Answer 28

men and women do relgious services together (edcuation for girls to read the bible), schools (encouraged proper moral values, not intellectual development)

Question 29

edcuationin reforamtion

Answer 29

1. humanists schools (for elite (nobility ) and liberal studes (greek and latin) 2. Proestant shcools (wider audience (wanted people to read and write bible, want all chidlren to have ducation to produce chruch with good christians, cities pry for publicecatuion, philip mettlnthon (divide studnt into three classes based on age or abilites), gynastism / seconary school which were humanists liberal arts and relgion (private schools (7 classes, latin and greek and grammer and ligerature and logic), public schools (philopsophy, hebrew, greek, theology))

Question 30

religious pracitces and pop culture

Answer 30

1. abolish veneration of relic, pilgraimes, monasticims, clerical celibacy, sainst (end of religious days, change of countreys’s sense of time, religious cerememonyies replated with individual worship)
2. eliminate customary forms of enteriantment (ban drinking, dutch valinist tried to ban gift giving, all were unsuccessful)

Question 31

Spreadof witchfraft

Answer 31

1. increase number of trials and executions (people afraid of witches, accused rose, spread to samll towns) 2.accused witches (confessed after fortue, do stuff with devil, use evil potions to start chaos 3. factores (witchfraft refnesy followed when many people connect to proestaitjs, before communla ruels of working togethern then new ehtic of looking for oneself ) 4. women were chief victims (no supriese that they are witches and with devil, witch hunters philosphers believed in inteiroityr of women, old women were scapegoats (no longer recipanetsof charinity then sell potions)