The Skull Flashcards
The skeleton of the head is called what?
The skull
What is the cranium? What does it consist of?
Part of skull that contains brain (often used interchangeably with skull)
Consist of frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, temporal and parietal bones
The dome like superior portion of the cranium is the _______ (part they remove for autopsies)
Calvaria
The bones that make up the face are known as _______. How many are there?
Facial skeleton (facial bones). 14.
The line of Union in an immovable articulation
Suture
What is the U shaped bone that forms the skeleton of the lower jaw and the inferior part of the face?
The largest and strongest facial bone
The mandible
Landmarks on mandible:
1) ‘Crown’
2) indentation posterior to coronoid process (ditch)
3) Condyle on posterior
Coronoid process
Mandibular notch
Head
4) Narrowing
5) arm like branch - vertical portion
6) horizontal portion
Neck
Ramus
Body (of the mandible)
7) where Ramus and body meet
8) bottom of mandible
9) mental nerves pass through
10) protuberance on chin
Angle (of the mandible)
Base
Mental foramen
Mental protuberance
11) pointed tooth of bone that overlaps mandibular foramen
12) chin fossa
…
Roughened area on inner aspect of angle of mandible
Lingula Mandibular foramen Mandibular canal Digastric fossa Mylohyoid line Pterygoid tuberosity
The frontal bone:
1) Bony ridge above eye socket
2) hairless, slightly rounded projection
3) above eye sockets
4) the frontal bone forms the roof of the eye sockets
The frontal bone
1) superciliary arch
2) glabella
3) supraorbital foramen
4) orbital surface
The parietal bones
Lies in temporal fossa, attachment for
1) temporalis fascia
2) temporalis muscle
1) superior temporal line
2) inferior temporal line
Where does the head of the mandible sit when the jaw is at rest ?
Mandibular fossa on temporal bone
Which part of the temporal bone is involved in the proper mechanics of TMJ?
Articular tubercle on temporal bone
Within the temporal bone is a cavity called ______
Which houses the 3 _________ (bones is the middle ear). Called what?
Tympanic cavity
Ossicles
Malleus, incus, stapes
The bony passageway from internal to external ear
External acoustic meatus
On the temporal bones which babies don’t have
Mastoid process
Which bone houses structures related to hearing and balance?
Temporal
Which muscles attaches on to the styloid process of the temporal bone?
Stylohyoid bone
Which bone is wedge shaped and anterior to temporal bones?
Sphenoid bone
Which gland is housed is the sella turcica?
Pituitary gland
Which portion of the sphenoid muscle has a lateral and medial plate?
Pterygoid process
How many bones does sphenoid articulate with ?
8
Which bone forms the base of the skull?
Occipital bone
Where does the nuchal ligament attach on the skull?
External occipital protuberance (inion)
What is the hole at the base of the skull called?
Foramen magnum
Lateral masses of C1 articulate with what to form Atlanto-occipital joint?
Occipital condyles
What attaches to superior nuchal line?
Upper trap fibres, splenius capitis attaches
What attaches to inferior nuchal line?
Rectus capitis posterior major and minor
Can’t palpate
Nasal bones have one landmark…
Bridge of nose - has suture down the centre
Which bone makes up the majority of the roof of the mouth?
The Maxillae
Part of maxillae that articulates with zygomatic bone…
Zygomatic process
On the maxillae what is the floor of the eye sockets called?
Orbital surface
On the maxillae, forms socket for top teeth
Alveolar processes
Infraorbital nerve exits where on which bone?
Infraorbital foramen on maxillae
The cheek bones are called?
Zygomatic bones
Portion on zygomatic bone that surrounds eye socket
Anterolateral and infra orbital margins
Bone that separates the nasal cavity from the brain.
Deep in skull - has lots of holes
Ethmoid bone
Ridge of bone (on ethmoid) that projects superiorly
Crista galli
Crista galli is attachment place for what?
Falx cerebri
What is the falx cerebri?
Arched fold of dura mater that descends vertically in the longitudinal fissure between the right and left hemispheres of the brain
Passageway of olfactory nerves (holes on either side of crista galli)
Cribriform plate, ethmoid bone
Forms the posterior and superior part of the nasal septum
Perpendicular plate
Coronal suture
Sagital suture
Squamous suture
Lambdoid suture
Suture between frontal and parietal bones
Suture between parietal bones
Joint between parietal and temporal bones
Joint between temporal, occipital and parietal bones
What is the meeting point between the coronal and Sagital suture called?
What is it called in babies?
Bregma
Anterior Fontanelle in babies
What is the meeting point between the lambdoid and Sagital sutures?
Lambda
What is the connection between the sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bones called?
Weakest point
Pterion
What is the orbit?
Eye socket - cone shaped cavity made of many bones.
Optic canal
What forms the eye sockets: Roof Posterolateral wall Posteromedial wall Lateral wall Floor
Roof= Frontal bone Posterolateral wall = sphenoid bone Posteromedial wall = ethmoid bone Lateral wall = zygomatic bone Floor = maxilla
What are sinuses?
Air filled extensions of nasal cavity
Lightens the skull, adds tone to voice, can house infections but are meant to protect against
How many sinuses are there?
Frontal (2)
Sphenoidal (2)
Ethmoidal (2)
Maxillary (2)
Which of the sinuses is largest?
Maxillary
