The skeletal system - bones

Question 1

What are bones

Answer 1

Specialised connective tissues consisting of living cells and a matrix, which consists of water, extracellular fibres and inorganic salts.

Question 2

How many bones are in the body

Answer 2

206

Question 3

What are the 6 functions of bones

Answer 3

Stability and support of entire body.

Protect internal tissues and organs.

Provide a surface for the attachment of muscles and ligaments.

Permit movement of the body by forming joints.

Contain bone marrow.

Store and provide a reservoir of mineral salts.

Question 4

What are the five different types of bone

Answer 4

Long bones (humerus)
Short bones (wrist bone)
Flat bones (sternum)
Irregular bones (vertebra)
Sesamoid bone (patella)

Question 5

What are some examples of long bones

Answer 5

Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Humerus
Radius

Question 6

Where are short bones found?

Answer 6

Where limited movement is required, such as wrists and ankles.

Question 7

What do flat bones provide protection for?

Answer 7

Soft tissues

Question 8

What are some examples of flat bones?

Answer 8

Cranial bones, sternum and ribs

Question 9

What are some examples of irregular bones?

Answer 9

Vertebrae, mandible and hip bones.

Question 10

What is the function of irregular bones?

Answer 10

Protect deeper organs or tissues

Question 11

What is an example of a sesamoid bone

Answer 11

Patella or kneecap.

Question 12

What is the tubular centra shaft in long bones called.

Answer 12

Diaphysis and have expended ends called epiphysis.

Question 13

What is the diaphysis and what dopes it surround?

Answer 13

Hollow cylinder surround the medullary cavity, which is filled with yellow bone marrow (mostly fat)

Question 14

What is the epiphysis (end of the long bone centra shaft(diaphysis)) covered by ?

Answer 14

Cartilage

Question 15

What is metaphysis

Answer 15

The area in a mature bone where the epiphysis joins the diaphysis.

Question 16

What its the outer surface of a bone covered by

Answer 16

Periosteum, which plays a role in the growth and repair of bones.

Question 17

What is the inner surface of the bone called?

Answer 17

Endosteum; it is active during the growth of the bone.

Question 18

What are the two types of bone tissue

Answer 18

Compact bone tissue
Spongy bone tissue

Question 19

What is compact bone tissue

Answer 19

Forms outer layer of all bones
Organised into many cylindrical units called osteons.

Question 20

What is spongy bone tissue

Answer 20

Light and porous.
Found in the end of long bones, ribs, hips, etc.
Not composed of osteons,
Composed of bones called trabeculae.

Question 21

What 2 parts are the human skeleton divided into?

Answer 21

Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton

Question 22

What is the axial skeleton

Answer 22

Consists of 80 bones of the head and trunk of the body.
Included the spine, hyoid bone, chest and spine.

Question 23

What is the appendicular skeleton.

Answer 23

Consists of 126 bones of the upper (shoulder, arms, wrists) and lower extremities (legs, ankles feet).

Question 24

What 2 sets of bones is the skull composed of.

Answer 24

Cranial bones (8 bones)
Facial bones (14 bones)

Question 25

What 5 regions is the spine separated into?

Answer 25

The Cervical Spine - 7 vertebrae
The Thoracic region - 12 vertebrae
The Lumbar region - 5 vertebrae
The Sacral region - one bone
The Coccygeal region - one bone

Question 26

How many vertebrae are there in the spine?

Answer 26

26