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Science for Paramedics 2 > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the external organ of the female reproductive system

A

Vulva

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2
Q

What are the 3 internal organs of the female reproductive system

A

Vagina
Uterus
Fallopian tubes

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3
Q

What are the five parts of the vulva

A

Mons Pubis (Pubes)
Labia majora and labia minora
Clitoris
Vestibule
Hymen

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4
Q

What are the 3 functions of the vulva

A

Acts as sensory tissue during sex
Assists in micturition by directing the flow of urine
Protects the internal female reproductive tract from infection

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5
Q

What is the ‘Hamburger Sign’ when doing an ultrasound on a pregnant lady

A

Will determine the gender of the baby, hamburger sign positive if its a girl

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6
Q

What are the fornix

A

There are 2:
An anterior and a posterier one

Posterior fornix is a natural reservoir for semen

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7
Q

What is the entrance to the uterus called

A

Cervix

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8
Q

What are the functions of the cervix

A

Facilitates passage of sperm into fallopian tubes
Maintains sterility of the upper female reproductive tract.

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9
Q

Where should embryos implant

A

The endometrium

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10
Q

What are the functions of the fallopian tubes

A

Assists in the transport of the ovum from the ovary to the uterus.

The smooth muscle that does this is sensitive to progesterone and oestrogen.

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11
Q

What three structures make up the ovaries

A

Surface
Cortex
Medulla

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12
Q

What is the surface structure of the ovary formed from

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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13
Q

What is the cortex structure of the ovary made from

A

Largely compromised of connective tissue supported follicles.

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14
Q

What is the medulla structure of the ovary made from

A

Contains a rich neuromuscular network which enters the ovary at the hilum.

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15
Q

What are the 3 functions of the ovaries

A

Produce oocytes
Produce oestrogen and progesterone
Each ovary taking an alternative turn release an egg

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16
Q

What is the ovarian cycle

A

The preparation of endocrine tissues and release of eggs

17
Q

What is the menstrual cycle

A

The preparation and maintenance of the uterine lining.

18
Q

What are the 4 phases of the menstrual cycle
(MFOL)

A

Menstrual phase
Follicular phase
Ovulation phase
Luteal phase

19
Q

What are the 4 female reproductive cycle organs
(HAOU)

A

Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary gland
Ovary
Uterus

20
Q

What to hormones does the pituitary gland release in female reproductive system

A

FSH
LH

21
Q

What happens on the first day of the menstrual cycle

A

10/20 oocytes start to mature into primary follicles

22
Q

What allows primary follicles to develop into secondary follicles (menstrual cycle), and what is produced when this happens

A

FSH

Oestrogen is produced when this happens

23
Q

What does the Lutenising Hormone do

A

Weakens the wall of the ovary so the egg is released

24
Q

What is the process called when an oocyte or developing follicle does not mature.

A

Atresia

This is when the oocyte/follicle degenerates and is reabsorbed

25
Q

How long does the egg live for

A

Around 24 hours

26
Q

What does high levels of LH cause to release

A

Progesterone

27
Q

What goes on in the Luteal phase

A

The corpus luteum continues releasing progesterone.

If a sperm fertilises an egg, Human Chroioinic Gonadotropin (hCG) is released.

28
Q

What is human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

A

Released when sperm fertilises an egg.

Travels to brain which tell corpus leuteum to maintain progesterone levels.

29
Q

What is the menstrual phase

A

If no fertilisation takes place, the corpus leuteum starts to drop off causing progesterone levels to drop.

This causes menstruation to begin.

30
Q

What are the two pituitary hormones

A

FSH - Follicle Stimulating Hormone
LH - Leutenising Hormone

31
Q

What are the two sex hormones

A

Oestrogen
Progesterone

32
Q

What is menopause

A

Number of oocytes very depleted
Ovaries lose sensitivity to FSH and LH
Less oestrogen and progesterone is produced as a result

33
Q

What are mammary glands

A

Located within the breast
Contain 15-20 lobes of glandular tissue that radiate around the nipple.

Oestrogen causes these to grow in puberty - bigger boobs

Science for Paramedics 2 (12 decks)

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