The Skeletal System

Question 1

list the functions of bones

Answer 1

support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell production, and triglyceride storage

Question 2

what are the categories bones can be classified into?

Answer 2

sesamoid, long, flat, irregular, and short.

Question 3

which category has one bone in it?

Answer 3

the sesamoid bone (patella) (knee cap)

Question 4

parts of the long bone

Answer 4

has 2 epiphyses (proximal and distal)
has 2 metaphyses
has 1 diaphysis (shaft)
has 1 marrow cavity
has 3 surface membranes (endometrium, peritoneum, and articular cartilage)

Question 5

difference between endometrium and peritoneum

Answer 5

endometrium – inner
peritoneum – outer

Question 6

what does the skeletal system do?

Answer 6

provides framework for cartilages, ligaments, and tendons

Question 7

what can change of your tissue level(s) do to your bones?

Answer 7

can overall change bone shape and strength.

Question 8

what is ECM tissue made up of?

Answer 8

50% mineral salts (mostly calcium phosphate)
25% collagen fibers
25% water

Question 9

what are the 4 osseous cell types?

Answer 9

osteogenic cell, osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclasts

Question 10

Intramembranes

Answer 10

develops directly within sheet-like layers of mesenchyme. is involved in making flat bones

Question 11

Endochondral

Answer 11

forms inside a pre-existing hyaline model
responsible for most of our bones (all long bones)

Question 12

what is a fracture?

Answer 12

any break in the continuity of the bone (hairline or minor)

Question 13

how many bones does an adult skeleton have ?

Answer 13

206

Question 14

how many bones are part of the axial skeleton ?

Answer 14

84

Question 15

how many bones are apart of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 15

126

Question 16

functions of the skull

Answer 16

— Protects the brain
— Protects special sensory organs
— Provides for muscle attachments
— Provides entry into the respiratory
and digestive systems
— Resonance chamber for sound

Question 17

what are air filled spaces called ?

Answer 17

sinuses

Question 18

what are the different types of sutures called ?

Answer 18

coronal , lambodial , squamous , saggital

Question 19

what are the depressions and openings?

Answer 19

provide space or passageways for soft tissues, take part in joints

Question 20

what are projections and processes ?

Answer 20

help form joints, also provide attachment points for connective tissues

Question 21

what is the vertebral column?

Answer 21

spine that is composed of vertebrae plus bones

Question 22

functions of the vertebral column

Answer 22

■ Supports the skull
■ Allows for flexibility
■ Attachment for ribs
■ Attachment for lower appendages
■ Contains the spinal cord

Question 23

what is the pectoral girdle

Answer 23

connects the upper limbs to the axial
skeleton
❑ Consists of the clavicle and the scapula
❑ Pectoral girdle articulates only with the manubrium
❑ Scapula is stabilized by many muscle attachments

Question 24

what are the names of the 3 coxal bones?

Answer 24

illum, ischium, and the pubis