The Respiratory System

Question 1

what body parts does the respiratory system consist of?

Answer 1

the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Question 2

what are the names of the two systems in the respiratory system?

Answer 2

the upper and lower respiratory system.

Question 3

what parts are defined to be apart of the “upper” respiratory system?

Answer 3

the nose and pharynx

Question 4

what parts are defined to be apart of the “lower” respiratory system?

Answer 4

larynx, trachea, bronchi, terminal bronchioles, bronchies

Question 5

what parts are included in the “respiratory zone?”

Answer 5

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli.

Question 6

what are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 6

i. provides for gas exchange
ii. helps regulate blood ph
iii. contains receptors for your sense of smell, inspect air, produces vocal sounds, excretes small amounts of water and heat

Question 7

what are the names of the two openings of the nose?

Answer 7

external nares and nostrils

Question 8

how many types of cartilage is the external portion of the nose made out of? name them?

Answer 8

three different types.
i. septal cartilage
ii. lateral nasal cartilage
iii. alar cartilage

Question 9

what are the functions of the nose?

Answer 9

(a) warming, moistening, and filtering incoming air
(b) detecting olfactory stimuli
(c) modify speech vibrations as they pass through the large, hollow resonating chambers

Question 10

what are the functions of paranasal sinuses

Answer 10

produce mucus, serve as resonating chambers for sound, lighten the weight of the skull

Question 11

what is path taken by air molecules into and through nose?

Answer 11

nostrils, vestibule, nasal cavity (past nasal conchae), internal naris, nasopharynx

Question 12

how does nose moisten and clean inhaled air before it enters rest of respiratory tract?

Answer 12

filtered by hairs in nose and mucus secreted by goblet cells; warmed by blood in capillaries; moistened by mucus

Question 13

what are superior and inferior borders of pharynx?

Answer 13

superior border: nasal cavity
inferior border: larynx

Question 14

what is another word for the trachea?

Answer 14

windpipe

Question 15

how many “lobes” does each lung have?

Answer 15

right: three
left: two

Question 16

what is the order of the branching of the bronchial tree?

Answer 16

trachea -> primary bronchi -> secondary bronchi -> tertiary bronchi -> bronchioles -> terminal bronchioles

Question 17

describe the four layers of the respiratory membrane

Answer 17

(a) type 1 and type 2 alveolar cells that constitute the alveolar wall
(b) an epithelial basement membrane underying the alveolar wall
(c) a capillary basement membrne that is often fused to the epithelial basement membrane
(d) the capillary endothelium

Question 18

what is the process of gas exchange

Answer 18

(a) pulmonary ventilation
(b) external respiration
(c) internal respiration

Question 19

how does epiglottis prevent aspiration of foods and liquids?

Answer 19

by closing over glottis when swallowing

Question 20

what is main function of vocal folds?

Answer 20

produce sounds during speaking and singing

Question 21

what is benefit of NOT having cartilage between trachea and esophagus?

Answer 21

accommodates slight expansion of esophagus into trachea during swallowing

Question 22

what is purpose of solid C-shaped cartilage rings?

Answer 22

maintain an open airway

Question 23

LOCATION of parietal pleura?

Answer 23

lines wall of thoracic cavity

Question 24

LOCATION of visceral pleura?

Answer 24

covers lungs

Question 25

LOCATION of the pleural cavity?

Answer 25

potential space between parietal and visceral pleura

Question 26

What is the path taken by air molecules as they travel from terminal bronchioles to alveoli?

Answer 26

terminal bronchioles> respiratory bronchioles> alveolar ducts> alveoli