The Skeletal System

Question 1

What is the function of long bones?

Answer 1

• Aid movement by acting as a lever

- E.g. femur works as a lever to increase pace of ball when kicked in football

Question 2

What is the function of short bones?

Answer 2

• Weight bearing and provide support

- E.g. supporting body weight during a handstand

Question 3

What is the function of flat bones?

Answer 3

• Provide protection and a broad surface for muscle attachment
• E.g. the cranium protects the brain if hit by a cricket ball

Question 4

What is the function of irregular bones?

Answer 4

• Provide protection and a place for muscle attachment

- E.g. muscles attached to the vertebrae allow a hockey play to bend their back to dribble the ball

Question 5

What is the function of a sesamoid bone?

Answer 5

• Short or irregular bones embedded in a tendon to protect from wear and tear

Question 6

What type of bone is the cranium?

Answer 6

Flat

Question 7

What type of bone is the mandible?

Answer 7

Irregular

Question 8

What type of bone is the clavicle?

Answer 8

Flat

Question 9

What type of bone is the sternum?

Answer 9

Flat

Question 10

What type of bone is the scapula?

Answer 10

Flat

Question 11

What type of bone are the ribs?

Answer 11

Flat

Question 12

What type of bone is the humerus?

Answer 12

Long

Question 13

What type of bone is the radius?

Answer 13

Long

Question 14

What type of bone is the ulna?

Answer 14

Long

Question 15

What type of bone are the carpals?

Answer 15

Short

Question 16

What type of bone are the metacarpals?

Answer 16

Long

Question 17

What type of bone are the phalanges?

Answer 17

Long

Question 18

What type of bone is the pelvis?

Answer 18

Flat

Question 19

What type of bone is the vertebral column?

Answer 19

Irregular

Question 20

What type of bone is the femur?

Answer 20

Long

Question 21

What type of bone is the patella?

Answer 21

Sesamoid

Question 22

What type of bone is the tibia?

Answer 22

Long

Question 23

What type of bone is the fibula?

Answer 23

Long

Question 24

What type of bone are the tarsals?

Answer 24

Short

Question 25

What type of bone are the metatarsals?

Answer 25

Long

Question 26

What is a tendon?

Answer 26

A tissue which joins muscle to bone

Question 27

What is a ligament?

Answer 27

A tissue which joins bone to bone

Question 28

What is cartilage?

Answer 28

A pad of tissue which acts as a shock absorber and prevents friction at ends of bones

Question 29

What are the 5 functions of the skeleton?

Answer 29

- Muscle attachment - Formation of joints - Protection - Production - Mineral storage

Question 30

Muscle attachment

Answer 30

- Bones provide a place for muscles to attach | - When the muscles contract they pull the bones allowing movement

Question 31

Formation of joints

Answer 31

- Movement occur at a joint - Where bones meet they form a joint - Ligaments help stabilise the joint

Question 32

Protection

Answer 32

- Protect vital organs

Question 33

Production

Answer 33

- Some bones contain bone marrow- makes components of blood

Question 34

Mineral storage

Answer 34

- Bones store minerals (e.g. calcium and phosphorus) - These help with bone strength - Needed for muscle contraction so the body can move

Question 35

What is a joint?

Answer 35

Where 2 or more bones meet

Question 36

Which bones make up the elbow joint?

Answer 36

- Radius - Ulna - Humerus

Question 37

Which bones make up the shoulder joint?

Answer 37

- Clavicle - Humerus - Scapula

Question 38

Which bones make up the hip joint?

Answer 38

- Pelvis | - Femur

Question 39

Which bones make up the knee joint?

Answer 39

- Patella - Fibula - Tibia - Femur

Question 40

Which bones make up the neck joint?

Answer 40

- Atlas | - Axis

Question 41

Which bones make up the wrist joint?

Answer 41

- Carpals | - Metacarpals

Question 42

What type of joint is the elbow?

Answer 42

Hinge

Question 43

What type of joint is the shoulder?

Answer 43

Ball and socket

Question 44

What type of joint is the hip?

Answer 44

Ball and socket

Question 45

What type of joint is the knee?

Answer 45

Hinge

Question 46

What type of joint is the neck?

Answer 46

Pivot

Question 47

What type of joint is the wrist?

Answer 47

Condyloid

Question 48

What are the 4 types of joints?

Answer 48

- Hinge - Ball and socket - Pivot - Condyloid

Question 49

What are the 8 types of movement possible at a joint?

Answer 49

- Flexion - Extension - Abduction - Adduction - Rotation - Circumduction - Plantar flexion - Dorsi flexion

Question 50

What is flexion?

Answer 50

When the angle at the joint decreases

Question 51

What is extension?

Answer 51

When the angle at the joint increases

Question 52

What is abduction?

Answer 52

The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

Question 53

What is adduction?

Answer 53

The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body

Question 54

What is rotation?

Answer 54

When the bone at the joint moves around its own axis, making a circular motion

Question 55

What is circumduction?

Answer 55

Movement in the shape of a cone, allows 360 degree movement

Question 56

What is plantar flexion?

Answer 56

Pointing toes

Question 57

What is dorsi flexion?

Answer 57

Movement of the foot upwards towards the shin

Question 58

Where does flexion happen?

Answer 58

- Hinge - Ball and socket - Condyloid

Question 59

Where does extension happen?

Answer 59

- Hinge - Ball and socket - Condyloid

Question 60

Where does abduction happen?

Answer 60

- Ball and socket | - Condyloid

Question 61

Where does adduction happen?

Answer 61

- Ball and socket | - Condyloid

Question 62

Where does rotation happen?

Answer 62

- Ball and socket | - Pivot

Question 63

Where does circumduction happen?

Answer 63

- Ball and socket | - Condyloid

Question 64

Where does plantar flexion happen?

Answer 64

- Ankle joint (hinge) only

Question 65

Where does dorsi flexion happen?

Answer 65

- Ankle joint (hinge) only