The Science of the Mind: the Discipline of Psychology Flashcards
biological psychology
This is a subfield of Psychology. It is a specialty focused on physical and chemical changes that cause and result from behaviour and mental processes.
behaviorism
This is a school of thought that emphasizes the study of observable behaviour over the study of the mind.
cognitive psychology
This is the psychological perspective that studies information processing, thinking, reasoning and problem solving.
evolutionary
This is an approach that emphasizes inherited, adaptive aspects of behaviour and mental processes.
clinical psychology
This is another subfield of Psychology. It is a psychological perspective that seeks to explain, define and treat abnormal behaviours.
culture vs cultural diversity
This is the variations in the practises, values and goals shared by groups of people.
functionalism
This is the school of psychology that focuses on the adaptive functions of behaviour.
Gestalt psychology
This is a subfield of Psychology. It is a school of psychology that emphasizes the study of thinking, learning and perception as whole units and not as analyses into parts.
individual differences
This is an approach to Psychology that studies variations in behaviour from one person to the next.
introspection
This is the personal observation of your own thoughts, feelings and behaviour.
the mind
This is the brain and its activities including thoughts, emotion and behaviour.
philosophy
This is the discipline that systematically examines basic concepts including the source of knowledge.
natural sciences
this includes any sciences that study the physical and biological events that occur in nature.
psychology
is the scientific study of behaviour, mental processes and brain function.
structuralism
is the school of thought concerned with analyzing sensation and personal experience into basic concepts. This is the approach in which the mind his broken into the smallest elements of mental experience.
John Locke
is an empiricist philosopher that believed that the mind was a blank slate at birth.
Carl Rogers
He developed a client-centred therapy.
Max Wertheimer
the gestalt psychology founder who focused on whole of behaviour
Hermann Von Helmholtz
His work on the speed of nerve signalling supported that the mind had a physical basis.
Sigmund Freud
developed psychodynamic theory and its application to treat psychological disorders. he nearly single handedly founded the study of personality.
William Wundt
given credit for conducting the first experiments in Psychology. His theories provided a foundation for structuralism.
voluntarism
This is an approach that emphasizes the role of will and choice in determining thoughts, perceptions and behaviours.
humanistic psychology
this is the approach that saw people as inherently good and motivated to learn and improve.
Cognitive neuroscience
This is the approach to psychology that focuses on understanding the links between cognition and brain activity.
Behavioural neuroscience
This is the psychological perspective that focuses on the relationships between mind and behaviour as well as their underlying biological processes including biochemistry, anatomy, and physiology. It is ALSO KNOWN AS BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY.
EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY
This is the psychological perspective that investigates how physical structure and behaviour have been shared by their contributions to survival and reproduction.
developmental psychology
this is a psychological perspective that examines the normal changes in behaviour that occur across the lifespan.
social psychology
This is a psychological perspective that examines the effects of the social environment on the behaviour of individuals.
personality psychology vs personality
This is the individual’s characteristic way of thinking, feeling and behaving.
Urlic Neisser
coins the term cognition in 1967
William James
chief proponent of functionalism.
coined the term stream of consciousness. His textbook Principles of Psychology dominated the field for 50 years.
