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The science of psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

psychology

A

is the scientific study of behaviour and the mind
Behaviour:action and responses that can directly observe
Mind: internal state and process(thoughts and feelings)

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2
Q

clinical psychology

A

the study and treatment of medical disorder

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3
Q

cognitive psychology:

A

study the mental processes, it examines topics such as consciousness, attention, memory, decision making and problem solving

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4
Q

psychology’s subfields:

Biopsychology or behavioural:

A

focuses on he biological underpinning of behaviour.

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5
Q

psychology’s subfields:

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

A

Examines human physical, psychological and social development across the life span and the effects of ageing on a cognitive and behavioural process.

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6
Q

psychology’s subfields:

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

A

focuses on basic processes such as learning sensory systems (vision, hearing) perception and motivation stages (sexual motivation, hunger thirst)

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7
Q

psychology’s subfields:

INDUSTRIAL -ORGANISATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

A

examines people’s behaviours in the work place

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8
Q

psychology’s subfields:

PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY

A

STUDY OF HUMAN PERSONALITY

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9
Q

psychology’s subfields:

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

A

examines people’s thoughts, feelings and behaviour pertaining to the social world.

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10
Q

science

A

a process that involves systematically and evaluating empirical evidence to answer questions and test believes about natural world

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11
Q

Empirical evidence

A

evidence gain through experience and observation

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12
Q

commonality between all scientist

A

the systematic approach to gathering and evaluating evidence

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13
Q

the fact that children unquestionably accept what their parents tell them is true is an example of ?

A

non-critical thinking

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14
Q

one of the primarily difficulties of relaying on our own experiences as evidence of a given phenomenon is that

A

our own experiences also maybe atypical and not representative of what most people experience

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15
Q

GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY:

A

Description: describe how people behave, think and feel.
Explanation:hypothesis and theories that specify the causes of behaviors.
Control: check whether explanations are accurate
Application: apply psychological knowledge in ways that enhance human welfare

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16
Q

the level of analysis approach take into account a person’s

Biological level:

A

various chemical, neural circuits and structures in your brain respond to bodily signals and help regulate whether you feel hungry or full.

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17
Q

the level of analysis approach take into account a person’s

Psychological level:

A

your mood, food preferences and motive affecting eating

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18
Q

the level of analysis approach take into account a person’s

Environmental and social level

A

(appearance or aroma of different food) trigger eating and to cultural costumes that influence our food preferences.

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19
Q

Mind- body interactions

A

focus our attention on the fascinating interplay between the psychological and biological levels of analysis

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20
Q

perspectives on behaviour

A

psychologists focus on the biological, psychological and environmental and social factor that influence behaviour.

21
Q

Mind- body dualism

A

Belief that te mind is a spiritual entity not subject to physical laws that govern the body.

22
Q

Monism

A

holds that mind and body are one and the mind is not a separate spiritual entity

23
Q

Cognitive behaviourism

A

proposes that learning experiences and the environment influences our expectation and other thoughts and , in turn, that our thoughts influence how we behave

24
Q

perspective of behaviour change as ?

A

existing beliefs are challenged

25
Q

1879 arks and important year for the science of psychology because :

A

Wundt established an experimental laboratory

ir marked the emergence of psychology as a science

26
Q

A common misconception of modern psychodynamic theories is that:

A

the focus id repressed sexual desires as a cause of distress

27
Q

How if free association used in therapy?

A

A patient states any thought that comes to mind during a therapy session

28
Q

Early behaviourism include:

A

Watson, Pavlov and Skinner

29
Q

Humanistic perspective (Humanism)

A

emphasised free will, personal growth and the attempt to find meaning in one’s existence

30
Q

Cognitive perspective

A

examines the natural of the mind and how mental processes influence behaviour

  • the study of how people solve problems
  • the study of decision making
  • the study of how people reason
31
Q

Sociocultural Perspective:

A

examines how the social environment and cultural learning influence our behaviours, thoughts and feelings

32
Q

Biological Perspective

A

Examines how brain process and other bodily functions regulate behaviour .

33
Q

Behavioural Perspective

A

emphasises on the role of the environment in governing a persons actions.

34
Q

founder of behaviourism/ people are the product of their learning experiences

A

JOHN WATSON

35
Q

COGNITIVE behaviourism diffrent from the Original behaviourism approach in that it included

A

experiences that affected thoughts and expectations, which could the influence behaviour.

36
Q

Sandy has failed all of her maths exams. she thinks that she will fail her next exam as well. her learning experince with maths thus far is an example of

A

Cognitive Behaviourism

37
Q

A therapist who believes that an important therapeutic goal is PERSONAL GROWTH and who extensively uses the work of Rogers and Maslow is most likely utilising the —- –perspective

A

Humanistic

38
Q

Cognitive Neuroscience

A

Sophisticated brain- imaging techniques to examine brain activity while people are involved in cognitive task

39
Q

Bella’s values, beliefs, behaviors and traditions that she shares with her family define her

A

culture

40
Q

socialisation

A

is the precess by which culture is transmitted to new members and internalised by them

41
Q

individualism

A

emphasis on personal goals and self identity based primarily on one’s own attributes and achievements

42
Q

Behavioral Neuroscience

A

examines brain process and other psychological functions that underlie our behaviour, sensory experiences, emotions and thoughts.

43
Q

Neurotrasmiters

A

chemical released by nerves cells that allow them to communicate with one another

44
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

is a growing discipline that seeds to explain how evolution shaped modern human behaviour.

45
Q

personality psychology

A

is a traditional SUBFIELD of psychology

46
Q

Behavioural Genetics

A

the study of how behavioural tendencies are influenced by genetic factors

47
Q

psychiatrist

A

medical doctors who, after completing their general training in medicine , receive additional training in diagnosing and treating mental disorders.

48
Q

Freud’s psychodynamic theory

A
  • Behaviour influences by personality
  • emphasis on the role of unconscious process in shaping behaviour
  • unconscious coping strategies

Psychology (6 decks)

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