The Revolt of the Northern Earls

Question 1

Who were the two Earls in charge of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 1

The Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland

Question 2

Who was Mary, Queen of Scots to marry as part of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 2

Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk

Question 3

What happened to the Earl of Northumberland’s patronage under Elizabeth?

Answer 3

It was removed - he was no longer in charge of defending the border against Scotland and his copper mine was taken away from him

Question 4

Who was placed in charge of defending the Scottish border under Elizabeth?

Answer 4

The Earl of Sussex - a southener

Question 5

Who was appointed as Archbishop of Durham in 1561?

Answer 5

James Pilkington

Question 6

Why was James Pilkington unpopular as Archbishop of Durham?

Answer 6

He tried to reduce the influence of Catholicism in the North

Question 7

What did Mary, Queen of Scots tell the Spanish ambassador to England in January 1569?

Answer 7

“I shall be Queen of England in three months and Mass shall be said all over the country”

Question 8

Why were Elizabeth’s loyal nobles involved in the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 8

They hoped the marriage pact between the Duke of Norfolk and Mary, Queen of Scots would force Elizabeth to name an heir

Question 9

Where did the Northern Earls seize on 14 November 1569?

Answer 9

Durham Cathedral

Question 10

Why did some of the rebels divert to Hartlepool by 30 November 1569?

Answer 10

They hoped that Spanish help would arrive at the port (it didn’t)

Question 11

How many men did Elizabeth send to deal with the rebel forces of 5,400?

Answer 11

14,000

Question 12

Who told Elizabeth about the Revolt of the Northern Earls in September 1569?

Answer 12

Robert Dudley

Question 13

Where did Elizabeth move Mary, Queen of Scots to during the Revolt of the Northern Earls and why?

Answer 13

Coventry

She was further away from the rebels

Question 14

What attitude did most English Catholics take to the Revolt of the Northern Earls at the time?

Answer 14

They did not support it and remained loyal to Elizabeth

Question 15

Why did Philip II of Spain not support the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 15

He did not want Mary, Queen of Scots to be Queen of England because of her close links with France

Question 16

How many rebels were executed after the Revolt of the Northern Earls was crushed?

Answer 16

450

Question 17

What happened to the Earl of Northumberland after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 17

He was executed in York in 1572

Question 18

What happened to the Duke of Norfolk after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 18

He was released from imprisonment

Question 19

What happened to Mary, Queen of Scots after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 19

She was kept in prison

Question 20

What is a papal bull?

Answer 20

A written order from the Pope

Question 21

What did the Pope’s papal bull say that was issued on 25 February 1570?

Answer 21

Elizabeth was excommunicated from the Catholic Church

Question 22

Why was the excommunication of Elizabeth in 1570 important?

Answer 22

Catholics could no longer be loyal to both the Pope and Elizabeth - they had to choose

Question 23

What did Parliament proclaim in response to the excommunication in April 1571?

Answer 23

It was illegal to import papal bulls into the country

Question 24

Following the excommunication, what would happen to anyone leaving the country without Elizabeth’s permission and staying abroad for six months?

Answer 24

They would have their property confiscated

Question 25

Who did Elizabeth appoint as leader of the Council of the North in 1572?

Answer 25

The Earl of Huntingdon

Question 26

What role did the Earl of Huntingdon have as leader of the Council of the North?

Answer 26

He implemented the laws against Catholicism