The Revolt of the Northern Earls Flashcards
Who were the two Earls in charge of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
The Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland
Who was Mary, Queen of Scots to marry as part of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
What happened to the Earl of Northumberland’s patronage under Elizabeth?
It was removed - he was no longer in charge of defending the border against Scotland and his copper mine was taken away from him
Who was placed in charge of defending the Scottish border under Elizabeth?
The Earl of Sussex - a southener
Who was appointed as Archbishop of Durham in 1561?
James Pilkington
Why was James Pilkington unpopular as Archbishop of Durham?
He tried to reduce the influence of Catholicism in the North
What did Mary, Queen of Scots tell the Spanish ambassador to England in January 1569?
“I shall be Queen of England in three months and Mass shall be said all over the country”
Why were Elizabeth’s loyal nobles involved in the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
They hoped the marriage pact between the Duke of Norfolk and Mary, Queen of Scots would force Elizabeth to name an heir
How many men did Elizabeth send to deal with the rebel forces of 5,400?
14,000
Who told Elizabeth about the Revolt of the Northern Earls in September 1569?
Robert Dudley
Where did Elizabeth move Mary, Queen of Scots to during the Revolt of the Northern Earls and why?
Coventry
She was further away from the rebels
What attitude did most English Catholics take to the Revolt of the Northern Earls at the time?
They did not support it and remained loyal to Elizabeth
Why did Philip II of Spain not support the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
He did not want Mary, Queen of Scots to be Queen of England because of her close links with France
How many rebels were executed after the Revolt of the Northern Earls was crushed?
450
How were the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland punished after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
They lost their remaining lands and their titles
What happened to the Earl of Northumberland after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
He was executed in York in 1572
What happened to the Duke of Norfolk after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
He was released from imprisonment
What happened to Mary, Queen of Scots after the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
She was kept in prison
Where was Mary imprisoned once the Revolt of the Northern Earls was over?
Tutbury Castle, to the south-west of Derby
What is a papal bull?
A written order from the Pope
What did the Pope’s papal bull say that was issued on 25 February 1570?
Elizabeth was excommunicated from the Catholic Church
Why was the excommunication of Elizabeth in 1570 important?
Catholics could no longer be loyal to both the Pope and Elizabeth - they had to choose
What did Parliament proclaim in response to the excommunication in April 1571?
It was illegal to import papal bulls into the country
Following the excommunication, what would happen to anyone leaving the country without Elizabeth’s permission and staying abroad for six months?
They would have their property confiscated
Who did Elizabeth appoint as leader of the Council of the North in 1572?
The Earl of Huntingdon
What role did the Earl of Huntingdon have as leader of the Council of the North?
He ensured laws against Catholics were harsher, particularly targeting recusants
What did the Earl of Huntingdon promote in the north?
Protestant schools
How did the Revolt of the Northern Earls change Philip II’s attitude towards Elizabeth?
He had previously wanted to maintain good relations. Now, he became more supportive of Catholic plots
