The Respiratory System

Question 1

tidal volume

Answer 1

the volume of air breathed in or out per breath

Question 2

inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 2

the volume of air that can be forcibly inspired following a normal breath

Question 3

expiratory reserve volume

Answer 3

volume of air that can be forcibly expired following a normal breath

Question 4

residual volume

Answer 4

volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximum expiration

Question 5

minute ventilation

Answer 5

volume of air breathed in or out per minute

Question 6

diffusion

Answer 6

the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 7

partial pressure

Answer 7

the pressure of an individual gas when it exists amongst a mixture of gases

Question 8

concentration gradient

Answer 8

the process of particles moving through a solution or gas from an area with a higher number of particles to an area with a lower number of particles

Question 9

strech receptors

Answer 9

a sensory receptor that responds to the over-expanding of the lungs
- located in the lungs
- prevent lungs from over expanding by sending signals to the expiratory centre which cn signal for breathing rate and depth

Question 10

inspiratory centre

Answer 10

located in the medulla oblongata and responsible for breathing (inspiration)

Question 11

expiratory centre

Answer 11

locatedin the medualla oblongata and responsible for breathing (expiration)

Question 12

cilia

Answer 12

tiny cells located in the bronchi and bronchioles

Question 13

nicotine

Answer 13

an addictive stimulant found in cigarettes

Question 14

tar

Answer 14

a toxic substance found in cigarette smoke

Question 15

what body parts are included in the respiratory system

Answer 15

• trachea
• alveoli
• diaphragm
• bronchi
• bronchioles
• lungs

Question 16

order of respitory system

Answer 16

1. when inhaling the diaphrag tightens changing from a dome shape to flatter shape
2. this action opens up the lungs and allows air to rush in
3. when we exhale the diaphragm relaxes, moving up and back to a dome shape
4. when breathing in air passes through the wind pipe, which is also known as the trachea
5. the air enters one of the two branches called the bronchi, though which air passes into each lung
6. smaller branches called bronchioles extend out from the bronchi and ay the very end of these there are millions of tiny sacs called alveoli.
7. this is where gas exchange takes place and oxygen is passed into the blood so that is can supply the body

Question 17

why does tidal volume increase during exercise

Answer 17

breathing rate and depth increase in order to supply the working muscles with the oxygen they require in order to produce energy whilst exercising

Question 18

does reisual volume change during exercise

Answer 18

doesnt change as air left in lungs after forceful experiation will be the same at rest