The Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Sagittal Plane

Answer 1

Divides the body into a left and right section

Question 2

Frontal Plane

Answer 2

Divides the body into a front and back section

Question 3

Transverse Plane

Answer 3

Divides the body into a top and bottom section

Question 4

Articulating Bones

Answer 4

Where two or more bones meet to alllow movement at a joint

Question 5

Tendons

Answer 5

Fibrous tissues that join bone to muscle

Question 6

Ligaments

Answer 6

Strong, flexible fibre that connects bones to other bones

Question 7

Flexion

Answer 7

Movement decreasing the angle between body parts (bending)

Question 8

Extension

Answer 8

Movement increasing the angle between body parts (straightening)

Question 9

Dorsi-flexion

Answer 9

Flexing the toes so that they move closer to the shin

Question 10

Plantar-Flexion

Answer 10

Extending the does down, away from the shin

Question 11

Abduction

Answer 11

Movement of a body part toward the bodys midline

Question 12

Abduction

Answer 12

Movrment of a bodys part away from the bodys midline

Question 13

Antagonistic Pair

Answer 13

Two muscles working together, one contracts while the other relaxes

Question 14

Agonist

Answer 14

Muscle or group responsible for the movement

Question 15

Antagonist

Answer 15

Acts to produce the opposite action of the agonist

Question 16

Isometric contraction

Answer 16

Where a muscle contracts but the length of the muscle does not change (therefore it dosent move)

Question 17

Eccentric Contraction

Answer 17

Occurs when the muscle lengthens due to a greater opposing force

Question 18

Concentric Contraction

Answer 18

Occurs when the muscle shortens, therefore generating force

Question 19

hyperextension

Answer 19

increasing the angle beyond 180 degrees when extending

Question 20

horizontal adduction

Answer 20

moving the arm towards the body from a 90 degree positionh

Question 21

horizontal abduction

Answer 21

moving the arm away from the body at a 90 degree position

Question 22

ball and socket joint examples

Answer 22

• hip
• shoulder

Question 23

hinge joint examples

Answer 23

• knee
• elbow
• ankle

Question 24

ball and socket joint

Answer 24

allows movement in every direction

Question 25

hinge joint

Answer 25

allows movement in only one direction

Question 26

pectorals

Answer 26

• location: chest
• movement action used for: adduct the arm at the shoulder
• attach to which joints: ball and socket (shoulder)

Question 27

deltiods

Answer 27

• location: shoulder
• movement action used for: moves arm in all directions
• attached to which joints: ball and socket (shoulder)

Question 28

latissimus dorsi

Answer 28

• location: extends form the lower region of the spine to the upper arm
• movement action used for: extend the body backwards from the trunk
• attached to which joints: ball & socket (shoulder and hip)

Question 29

biceps

Answer 29

• location: front of the upper arm
• movement action used for: flex the arm at the elbow
• attached to which joints: hinge joint (elbow)

Question 30

triceps

Answer 30

• location: back of upper arm
• movement action used for: extend the arm at the eblow
• attached to which joint: hinge joint (elbow)

Question 31

abdominals

Answer 31

• location: runs from the lower half of the ribs to the pelvis
• movement action used for: pulls the chest downwards & brings the body upwards from the trunk
• attached to which joints: ball and socket (pelvis)

Question 32

gluteals

Answer 32

• location: form the buttocks
• movement action used for: abduct and extend leg at the hip
• attached to which joints: ball and socket (pelvis)

Question 33

hip flexors

Answer 33

• location: in thr front of the hip connecting the pelvis and abdomen
• movement action used for: adduct and flex the leg at the hip
• attched to which joints: ball and socket (pelvis)

Question 34

quadriceps

Answer 34

• location: four muslces found on the upper leg
• movement action used for: extend the leg at the knee
• attached to which joints: hinge joint (knee)

Question 35

hamstrings:

Answer 35

• location: back of the leg, stretching from the bottom part of the pelvis to the tibia
• movement action used for: flex the leg at the knee
• attached to which joints: hinge joints (knee)

Question 36

gastronemuis

Answer 36

• location: from the back of te femur to back of the ankle
• movement action used for: points toes
• attached to which joint: hinge joint (ankle)

Question 37

tibialis anterior

Answer 37

• location: runs down the shin
• movement action used for: pulls the toes to the shin
• attached to which joint: hinge (ankle)