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Anatomy And Physiology II > The Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Reproductive System Flashcards

0
Q

Where are the testicles located?

A

Originate in fetus in abdominal cavity by kidneys. Work down through inguinal canal

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1
Q

What are the six parts of the male reproductive system?

A

Testicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral, penis, os penis, prepuce

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2
Q

What is the inguinal canal?

A

Passage though the abdominal muscles

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3
Q

What is kryptorhid?

A

Testicles never dropped

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4
Q

Why is it bad if the testicles are kryptorhid?

A

Can become cancerous because sperm is to warm

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5
Q

What is the function of the testicles?

A

Spermatogenisis

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6
Q

What is the raphe?

A

Extension of scrotal tissue that extends inward and separated the right and left testicle

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7
Q

What is the septum?

A

Section of raphe between the testicles

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8
Q

What is the Darry’s muscle?

A

Layer of muscle under the skin of the scrotum that wraps around both testicles to bring then up

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9
Q

What is the tunica Albigenea?

A

White fibrous capsule that is deep to the Dartus muscle and directly surrounds the testicle. Folds that extend inward toward the center if the teaticles

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10
Q

What is the testicular lobule?

A

Folds if the tunica albuginea that extend inward and contain semi inferiors tubules

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11
Q

What happens in the testies?

A

Spermatogenisis

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12
Q

What are sertoli cells?

A

Produce liquid that is high in nutrients that protect and preserve nerve cells

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13
Q

What are leydig cells aka?

A

Interstitial cells

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14
Q

What are leydig cells?

A

Around the tubules produce testosterone

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15
Q

What are the straight tubules?

A

Lead to the center tubule called rete tetes

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16
Q

What is the epididymis?

A

Very long, has head body and tail

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17
Q

What is the spermatic cord?

A

Connection of testicle to the body and originated from internal oblique

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18
Q

What is the cremaster muscle?

A

Thin layer of muscle that wraps around entire cord. Works w/ Dartus muscle

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19
Q

What does the inguinal canal join?

A

Urinary bladder

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20
Q

What is the prostate gland?

A

Gland that wraps around the cranial portion of the urethra

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21
Q

What does the prostate gland do?

A

Produces acidic fluid that empties into the urethra before and animal ejaculates

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22
Q

What is the bulbourethral gland?

A

Adds slightly alkaline secretion into the urethra

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23
Q

What are the enteral female parts?

A

Ovaries, uterus, vagina, vulva

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24
Q

What is the function if the ovaries?

A

Production of hormones and oocytes

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25
Q

What a the ovarian bursa?

A

Small little cyst that creates a cavity for each ovary

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26
Q

What is the stroma?

A

Equivalent of parenchyma supports each follicle

27
Q

What is the follicle?

A

Compartment that contains an egg

28
Q

What is the zona pellucid a?

A

Glycoprotien membrane which directly surrounds the egg

29
Q

What is the corona radiata

A

Group of cells called granulosa cells. Produce estrogen and progesterone. Will multiple and follicle developes

30
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

Oviduct

31
Q

What are the oviducts?

A

Fallopian tubes

32
Q

What are the fimbrae?

A

Little finger like structures that wrap around the ovary

33
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

Where the fimbrae pull the eggs into

34
Q

What is a primordial follicle?

A

Follicle that hasn’t developed/ been effected by FSH

35
Q

What is a primary follicle?

A

Stimulated by FSH

36
Q

What is a primary oocyte?

A

Very young age

37
Q

What is a secondary oocyte?

A

Not as young

38
Q

What Is a Graafian follicle?

A

Full grown follicle

39
Q

What is the corpus hemorrhagicum?

A

Ruptures in response to LH

40
Q

What is the corpus luteum?

A

If egg is fertilized, corpus luteum will stay active and granulosa cells will begin producing progesterone

41
Q

What is progesterone?

A

Helps body maintain a pregnancy, if not fertilized LH will stop releasing which will shut down corpus luteum which will end production of progesterone

42
Q

What is the corpus albican?

A

Small amount of scar tissue

43
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

Inside layer, fairly thin but vasculature layer of the uterine wall

44
Q

What is the myometrium?

A

Middle layer, thick and musculature

45
Q

What is the perimetrium?

A

Putter layer of uterus

46
Q

What are broad ligaments?

A

Large flat sheets of perimetrium which anchor the ovary, ooviduct, and part of the uterine horns to the body wall

47
Q

What are the suspension ligaments?

A

Anchor the ovary high up in the abdominal cavity

48
Q

What are the ovarian ligaments?

A

Attach the ovary to the uterus

49
Q

What is the estrus cycle?

A

Time from beginning of one heat cycle until the time of the next one, varies from species to species.

50
Q

What is poly estrous?

A

Continuous cycles while the animal is not pregnant. Happens multiple times a year

51
Q

What is seasonally poly estrous?

A

Cycle continuously only during certain times of the year

52
Q

What animals are seasonally poly estrous?

A

Cats, horses, sheep

53
Q

What is diestrous?

A

Two heat cycles per year

54
Q

What animals are diestrous?

A

Dogs in spring and fall

55
Q

What is moneatrous?

A

1 heat cycle per year

56
Q

What are the five stages of the estrous cycle?

A

Anestrus, pro estrus, estrus, met estrus, diestrous

57
Q

What happens during pro estrous?

A

Follicular development, increased estrogen output, thickening of oviduct and uterine lining, think leaning of vaginal lining

58
Q

What is estrus stage?

A

True heat phase, estrogen will change the behavior of female so they are more receptive to males

59
Q

What is metestrus?

A

Formation of corpus luteum from original follicle, production of progesterone from granulosa cells of follicle, increased vasculature of endometrium

60
Q

What is diestrous?

A

Corpus luteum is only maintained if ova is fertilized. If not cl degenerates.

61
Q

What is pseudocyesis?

A

False pregnancy from misfiring of hormones

62
Q

What are exchanged through the placenta?

A

Nutrients, wastes, gasses

63
Q

What are the three layers of the placenta?

A

Chorion, allantois, amnion

64
Q

What is the chorion?

A

Linked to fetus by umbilical chord

65
Q

What is the allantois?

A

Sac filled with amniotic fluid that suspends amniotic sac

66
Q

What is the almnion?

A

Sac filled with amniotic fluid and suspends fetus

Anatomy And Physiology II (6 decks)

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