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The Rennaissce Flashcards

1
Q

What were the centres of activity in the renaissance?

A

Rome, Florence & Venice

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2
Q

In the 15th century, how was Italy divided up?

A

Separate states

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3
Q

The south contained the kingdom of what?

A

Naples

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4
Q

Was Naples rich or poor?

A

Poor

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5
Q

What cities did the north contain?

A

( such as ) Venice and Florence

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6
Q

What does the centre contain?

A

The centre contains the Papal States with its main city Rome

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7
Q

What inspired people to learn people to learn more about the past?

A

Ancient Rome, with its ruins of the forum , colosseum and the Circus Maximus inspired people to learn more about the past

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8
Q

What were governments becoming in the 14th century?

A

More secure

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9
Q

What else brought about the beginning of the renaissance?

A

The sense of past glories— heritage

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10
Q

What language is Italian based on?

A

Latin, the language of Ancient Rome

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11
Q

What were Italian merchants involved in?

A

They were involved in patronage, sponsored painters, writers and sculptors.

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12
Q

What was Italy, in the sense of the world?

A

Crossroads of the world

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13
Q

What trade did Italy gain due to its position of the world

A

The Arabs and China

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14
Q

Why did Italy gain the knowledge of the ancient Greeks?

A

The Greeks were attacked in Constantinople so some fled to Italy

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15
Q

What nationality of thinkers and artists emerged during the renaissance?

A

German,Spanish,Dutch,French and English thinkers and artists emerged

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16
Q

The Renaissance saw many new beginnings in many areas such as..

A

Poetry and Painting

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17
Q

What were the names of the 2 great Florence Humanist writers?

A

Petrarch & Boccaccio

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18
Q

What was the Renaissance outside of Italy known as?

A

The Northern Renaissance

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19
Q

Why was the Northern Renaissance, called the northern renaissance?

A

It took place later than the Italian renaissance and it took place in the northern part of Europe

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20
Q

When was Petrarch in this world?

A

1304-1374

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21
Q

When was Boccaccio in this world?

A

1313-1375

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22
Q

Where did Petrarch live / was from

A

Florence

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23
Q

What was Petrarch interested in?

A

History, architecture, and the works of the Ancient Greeks and Romans

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24
Q

What did he ( Petrarch ) want to bring back?

A

He wanted to imitate early art and bring ‘ a rebirth of learning’

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25
What languages did Petrarch love?
Italian and Latin
26
Who was the first great Renaissance poet?
Petrarch
27
Who wrote ‘Canzonieve’?
Petrarch
28
What did Petrarch invent?
The sonnet ( 14 lines )
29
What was Petrarch known as?
Father of the Renaissance Humanism
30
Where was Boccaccio born?
Florence
31
What did Boccaccio do for work
He worked as an ambassador to the pope in Avignon
32
What did Boccaccio write?
Decameron
33
What is the Decameron about?
Ten people tell stories while escaping from the plague
34
From the 1400 century onwards what were the most import parts of Italy?
Florence, Venice , Milan , and Rome
35
What were the main cities of Italy called?
City states
36
What were the rulers and merchants of the city states like?
They were proud men
37
Rich merchants sponsored who? What is this called?
Artists, Patronage
38
Each state had its own what? Who controls it?
Government, a rich family or a prince
39
What did the rulers of city states live in?
Rulers lived in huge courts which had splendid surroundings
40
What were princes often ( jobs before being a prince )
Bankers and merchants
41
How did princes make their money?
They made their money through trade and commerce
42
Venice, Genoa and Florence became bustling centres of what?
Trade
43
Much of the profit merchants made was spent on what?
The decorations of their houses
44
Who were employed to decorate houses?
Artists, Sculptors and painters
45
Who lived in the courts?
Poets and musicians
46
Princes and rulers were often what ( character trait ) ( Hint: Testosterone)
Violent and ruthless
47
Where was the first city of the renaissance?
Florence
48
Who ruled early renaissance Florence?
Medici
49
How did the Medici family make their money?
Trade and banking
50
Who was the first Medici ruler of Florence?
Cosimo Medici
51
What did Cosimo Medici look for for his library?
Rare manuscripts
52
Was Cosimo Medici a patron of the Arts?
Yes
53
What were the years of the ‘Thirty years of Peace’
1434-1464
54
What was Cosimo Medici nickname ( given to him by the general public when he died)?
Pater Patriae ( father of the land )
55
Who was Cosimo Medici succeeded by?
Piero Medici
56
How long did Piero Medici rule for?
5 years
57
Did Piero do anything for the Florence economy?
No. He was a weak ruler and made little to no impression on Florence
58
Who succeeded Piero?
Lorenzo Medici
59
What attributes did Lorenzo have?
He was a poet, a patron of the arts, an athlete, a good banker and a good ruler
60
Who was Lorenzo’s most famous beneficiaries?
Botticelli, Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo.
61
Lorenzo sent agents throughout Europe in search of what?
Manuscripts
62
How many new manuscripts did Lorenzo find?
200 Greek works
63
Where were the new manuscripts stored?
Lorenzo’s library
64
What did lorenzo’s library become?
Europe’s first public library
65
Who were the Medici family’s biggest enemies in Florence?
The Pazzi’s
66
Was an attempt made on Lorenzo’s life? When? Who was killed?
Yes. Easter Sunday 1478. His brother, Giuliano
67
What precautions did Lorenzo take after his assassination attempt?
1. Surrounded himself with an armed guard. 2. Tighten his grip on the government of Florence
68
When did Lorenzo die?
1492
69
When was America discovered?
1492
70
15th century Rome was ruled by who?
The popes
71
How did the renaissance popes live?
In splendour and luxury
72
What were many of the pope’s concerned about, more than religion?
War and politics
73
Were popes patrons of the arts?
Yes
74
Who was the first great renaissance pope?
Nicholas V
75
When did Nicholas V rule?
1447-1455
76
Was Nicholas V humanist or anti-humanist?
Humanist
77
Who founded the Vatican Library?
Pope Nicholas V
78
Who improved the city of Rome in 1471-1484?
Sixtus IV
79
How did Sixtus the fourth improve Rome?
He widened the streets, built bridges and churches
80
Who had the Sistine Chapel built?
Sixtus IV
81
Was Sixtus IV a patron of the arts?
Yes
82
Who was involved with the Pazzi conspiracy?
Sixtus IV
83
Who was the nephew of Sixtus IV?
Julius II
84
When was Julius II pope?
1503-1513
85
Whalen did Leo X rule?
1513-1521
86
Whose son was Leo X’s?
Lorenzo Medici
87
What age did Leo X become cardinal?
14
88
Was Leo X a patron of the Arts?
Yes
89
What did Leo X build?
The new St.Peters Bassillica
90
Was the church in need of a reform?
Yes
91
What were violence and cruelty linked to?
Governments and politics
92
What were the rulers like?
They were vicious and cruel
93
Who was Andrea’s Vesalius?
He was the father of anatomy
94
Where did Andreas Vesalius study?
He studied in universities in Paris, Belgium ( Leuvain ) and Italy
95
What did Andreas Vesalius do to get the father of anatomy title?
He proved ideas about the human body were wrong
96
How did Ambroise Pare prefer to learn?
He preferred to learn by experience not class work material
97
What two things did Ambroise Pare use as an ointment anestethic in the battlefield?
Egg yolk and turpentine
98
Could Ambroise Pare enter the surgeons guild? Why?
No, because he didn’t speak Latin
99
What did William Harvey prove?
He proved that the blood is pumped around the body by the heart.
100
Where was Galileo born?
Pisa, Italy
101
What did Galileo study?
He studied mathematics
102
What did galileo discover?
That all objects fall at the same speed regardless of weight
103
What else did Galileo study?
Astronomy
104
What else did Galileo study?
Astronomy
105
What texture is the moons surface? Who discovered this?
Uneven, Galileo Galilei
106
What did the book of Genesis say about the planets?
It said the planets orbited the Earth
107
Who contradicted the book of Genesis? When was he alive? Who backed him up?
Nicholas Copernicus, 1473-1543, Galileo Galilei
108
What works did Galileo follow?
Johannes Kepler & Tycho Brahe
109
List a work that Galileo published:
Dialogue of the two world systems
110
What did the Roman Inquisition tell him to do? What could have happened?
They told him to take back all his ideas, he could have been executed
111
When was Michelangelo an active sculptor?
1500-1520 ish
112
What is the most famous statue in the world, when was it unveiled?
David, September 1504
113
What is the most famous statue in the world, when was it unveiled?
David, September 1504
114
What art sculpture style is David an example of?
Contrapposto
115
Name the two of the earliest buildings showing Renaissance characteristics:
- Fillipo Brunelleschi’s church of San Lorenzo - Pazzi Chapel
116
What building can be best demonstrate the revival of classic antiquity?
Palazzo Rucellia
117
What was the most notable architectural commission of the era?
St.Peters Basilica
118
Why was St.Peters Bassilica the most notable commission of the era?
Because it was influenced by almost all notable renaissance artists

History (14 decks)

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