Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

History > The French Revolution > Flashcards

The French Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

Who were the reigning monarchs in the 1700s?

A

King Louis the 16th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What kind of Monarch was Louis the 16th?

A

He was an absolute monarch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does it mean to be an absolute monarch?

A

It means to be able to make laws and having the power to imprison without trial, those who criticise him

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who are the 1st Estate?

A

The clergy- members of the church

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What Estate do the Nobles belong to?

A

The 2nd Estate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind of lives did the 1st & 2nd estate live?

A

Lives of Luxury & Privilege

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who were the 3rd estate?

A

The remaining population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was life like in the 3rd Estate?

A

The 3rd were peasants & workers, who lived lives of poverty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the “Enlightenment” period?

A

Period of rational thought in the 1700s during which people believed logic, science & natural law ruled everything on Earth, therefore “divine right” & absolute monarchies seemed illogical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who called for an end to the Ancient Regime?

A

A group of French writers ( philosophes )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did the philosophes believe?

A

They believed that all the countries problems could be solved through reason rather than by past traditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who were some of the philosophes in the French Enlightenment Period?

A

Voltaire, Montesquieu & Rousseau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What did the philosophes say should be true?

A

That everyone was equal & had certain rights & freedoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What did the philosophes want?

A

They wanted a democratic government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The ideas of the enlightenment has an influence over which estate?

A

The 3rd Estate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do the 3rd Estate believe in?

A

Liberté ( Freedom) , Égalité ( Equality ) et Fraternité ( Brotherhood )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who were excluded from paying taxes?

A

The 1st & 2nd Estate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What were the 4 main taxes?

A
  • Taille - A land tax
  • Gabelle - a tax on salt
  • Tithe - 1/10 of crops to the clergy
  • Feudal Dues - tax to the nobles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What influenced the French to start a revolution?

A

The Americans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What caused the king to call a meeting of the Estates General in 1789 ? What were they trying to achieve?

A

His debt to the Americans. To get approval for new taxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

After the National Assembly who was given the power to make laws?

A

The National Assembly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Who was head of the Assembly?

A

The king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What power did the king have over the Assembly?

A

He could veto laws of the assembly for 2 years only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What did the Assembly set out to destroy?

A

The Church

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What rules did they implement to the Church?
All members of the clergy had to be elected All land was taken from the church Clergy were paid by the government Clergy had to take an oath of Loyalty
26
What did the Pope do to these measures?
He protested
27
What was the outcome of the Popes actions?
Some clergy members refused to take the Oath, if they didn’t they were imprisoned or killed
28
Where all of the people of France for the Revolution?
No. Many supporters of the king & some Catholics were opposed to Revolution
29
In June 1791 what did King Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette try to do? What was this called?
They tried to flee France to get to Marie’s brother in Austria. Flight to Varennes
30
What was the result of the flight to Varennes?
The people no longer trusted their king and Queen
31
In September 1791 France was declared a what?
It was declared a constitutional monarchy
32
What is a constitutional monarchy?
Democracy & monarchy combined
33
When France went to war with Austria, did the people trust their king more or less?
They distrusted their king more than
34
What was the result of this war, in regards to the king?
The Tuilers Palace was attacked by sans-culottes
35
What was the result of this war, in regards to the king?
The Tuilers Palace was attacked by sans-culottes
36
What did Louis XVI do to make the assembly general abolish the monarchy?
He refused to send his personal soldiers in Paris to fight in the war, this caused them to abolish the monarchy.
37
When they abolished the monarchy, what the the assembly declare France to be?
A republic
38
What occurred on the 5th of May 1789?
The Estates General was called 3rd Estate demanded 1 vote per deputy 3rd Estate called itself Estates General
39
What occurred on the 20th of June 1789?
Estates General was locked out of the Assembly Members took the Tennis Court Oath
40
What occurred on the 27th of June 1789?
King recognised the Assembly and ordered the clergy to join it
41
What occurred in July/ August of 1789?
20,000 troops brought to Paris People feared the King would use force to change the assembly
42
What else occurred in July/ August of 1789?
Bastille was destroyed in a search for arms
43
What occurred on July 14th 1789?
- rebellion spread to the countryside were peasant attacked the chateaux of the nobles - NA calmed it by abolishing Federal Dues and establishing the Declaration of the rights of Man
44
When was the Convention elected?
September 1792
45
Who died on the 21st of January 1793?
Louis XVI
46
What was the result of Louis execution?
Other countries such as England and Holland declared war on France
47
What did wide spread opposition to the execution cause?
It caused the civil war in France
48
What did the convention do to deal with the Civil War?
It appointed 12 of its members to a “ Committee of public safety “
49
What would the “ Committee of Public Safety “ do?
It would govern France
50
What type of politicians ruled the Committee?
Extreme Republicans
51
What were these extreme republicans called? Who lead them?
Jacobins. Maximilian Robespierre
52
What was Maximilian Robespierre nickname?
The “ Incorruptible”
53
How did the Committee deal with the opposition?
They executed all enemies of the Revolution
54
What was the Law of Suspects?
It allowed for execution without trial
55
How many people were executed after this law was passed?
16,000 ( 44 a day )
56
Who in those 16,000 people that were executed was the most famous?
Marie - Antoinette
57
Who else was the committee supported by?
The sans-culottes
58
Who were the sans culottes?
They were the working people of Paris, they reported people to a special board
59
What was the name of the board the Sans- culottes reported to?
The Revolution Tribunal
60
What is conscription?
Forced joining of the army
61
What won the war against Austria?
Forced conscription won the war
62
What was the result of winning the war against Austria?
It saved the Revolution from an outside power
63
What law controlled rising food prices?
Law of maximum
64
When was the reign of terror?
1793-1794
65
What was the reign of terror?
A period of extreme violence during the French Revolution when 16,000 people were executed by guillotine , for opposing the Revolution
66
Who was Maximilian Robespierre?
The leader of the radical Jacobins.
67
What did the leader of the Jacobins use to eliminate enemies of the revolution?
Harsh measures, including laws that allowed people to be executed without proper trials.
68
What were the results of Robespierre’s extreme laws?
Many people started to fear for there lives
69
What led to the fall of Robespierre?
All his allies turned against him.
70
When was Robespierre arrested?
July 27th , the 9th Thermidor in the Revolutionary Calendar
71
When was Robespierre executed?
July 28th, the next day
72
Who else was executed with him?
His closest supporters
73
How did Robespierre die?
By guillotine.
74
Did the reign of terror end with Robespierre?
Yes
75
What did the fall of Robespierre lead to?
It lead to the return of a more moderate government
76
Wha was this more moderate government called?
The directory
77
When was the directory in power?
1795-1799
78
What did the the start of the directory signify?
The end of the extreme revolutionary policies
79
What was napoleons full name?
Napoleon Bonaparte
80
Who was napoleon?
He was a young, successful and talented French general.
81
How did napoleon gain popularity?
By leading successful military campaigns in Italy and Egypt
82
Why was the new government unpopular?
Due to corruption, economic problems and political instability.
83
What did the faults of the new government mean for napoleon?
Making it easier for a strong leader like napoleon to take over
84
What did napoleon do in November 1799?
He led a military coup, overthrowing the directory.
85
What is a military coup?
Seizing by force
86
After the coup what did napoleon do?
He created the consulate, where he became the first consulate
87
What is the first consulate?
The most powerful leader in France
88
What did napoleon promise to bring?
Order, stability and strong leadership
89
Why was he popular with the French people?
After years of chaos he promised to bring order, making him popular
90
When did napoleon crown himself emperor of France ?
December 1804
91
What did napoleons crowning lead to the end of?
The French Republic,
92
What did napoleons crowning lead to the start of?
The napoleonic empire
93
Who crowned napoleon?
The pope
94
What did napoleon introduce?
He introduced important reforms including the napoleonic code, improved economy and expanded French territory.
95
What is the napoleonic code?
A new legal system

History (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions